tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23605942596134233842023-06-20T06:44:15.448-07:00Pig writing paperResearch Paper Topics For Emily Dickinsongeorgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.comBlogger37125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-80917532150556953062020-09-04T02:05:00.001-07:002020-09-04T02:05:07.203-07:00Hippies and the Revolution of a Culture Essayââ¬Å"Tune In, Turn On, and Drop Outâ⬠was the witticism of the flower child development, a noteworthy countercultural wonder during the 1960s and mid 1970s that became halfway out of youthful Americaââ¬â¢s developing frustration with U.S. contribution in the Vietnam War. Hipsters were principally white youngsters and youthful grown-ups who shared a scorn and doubt towards conventional working class esteems and authority. They dismissed political and social orthodoxies however grasped parts of Eastern religions, especially Buddhism. Numerous flower children additionally observed stimulating medications, for example, pot and LSD (lysergic corrosive diethylamide), as the way to getting away from the ties of society and extending their individual cognizance. The quick forerunner to the flower children was the alleged Beat Generation of the late 1950s, including the artist Allen Ginsberg, who turned into a nonconformist saint. Be that as it may, where the coolly educated, dark clad beats would in general stay under the radar and avoid governmental issues, the hipsters were known as much for their political bluntness with respect to their long hair and bright hallucinogenic dress. Their restriction to the Vietnam War got one of the most noteworthy parts of the developing antiwar development all through the last 50% of the 1960s. To communicate their fights, and to ââ¬Å"turn onâ⬠others, the hipsters utilized craftsmanship, road theater and especially music. Society music and hallucinogenic stone the Beatles collection Sergeant Pepperââ¬â¢s Lonely Hearts Club Band was a prime model were both pivotal parts of hipster culture. This culture arrived at its top in the late spring of 1967, when a show in San Franciscoââ¬â¢s Golden Gate Park commenced the beginning of the supposed ââ¬Å"Summer of Love.â⬠The occasion presented the music and stylish of the hipsters to a more extensive crowd and roused a large number of youngsters around the nation to make a beeline for San Francisco, some wearing blossoms in their hair, a reference to Scott McKenzieââ¬â¢s adaptation of the John Phillips melody ââ¬Å"San Francisco,â⬠a pervasive hit and a sort of nonconformist signature tune. In 1969, in excess of 500,000 individuals went to the Woodstock Music and Art Festival in Bethel, New York, an occas ion that for some encapsulated the best parts of the flower child development. There was a clouded side to hipster culture, be that as it may, and it went past the terrified objection communicated by moderates about the ââ¬Å"immoralityâ⬠of the flower child lifestyle. A Time magazine article in 1967 cited San Franciscoââ¬â¢s general wellbeing executive as saying that the city was paying $35,000 every month for treatment for sedate maltreatment for the cityââ¬â¢s 10,000 nonconformists. To Joan Didion, who expounded on her time in San Francisco for her acclaimed 1968 paper ââ¬Å"Slouching Towards Bethlehem,â⬠the hipsters were ââ¬Å"missing childrenâ⬠who were the most decisive evidence that ââ¬Å"the focus was not holdingâ⬠in American culture. To the hipsters, their conduct was the one genuinely true response to the severe powers of commercialization, colonialism and militarism epitomized by America during the 1960s. By the mid-1970s, the nonconformist development was on the wind down, however numerous parts of its way of life especially music and style had worked their way into standard society. The full air of the 1960s that had made the radical counterculture did not exist anymore, especially after the Vietnam War finished, and with the appearance of punk and disco music the sincere hipsters were regularly observed as strange. All things considered, their beliefs of harmony, love and network turned into the suffering heritage of the radical development, and even today there are a couple ââ¬Å"neo-hippiesâ⬠to be found on school grounds and collectives the nation over and around the globe. The Tet Offensive The Tet Offensive was a huge scope arrangement of fights propelled by the Vietnamese Communists (or Viet Cong) against American and South Vietnamese soldiers during the Vietnam War that brought about both a military disappointment and a mental triumph for the Communists. The multi-part battle was known as Tet since it was planned to begin on January 31, 1968, the Vietnamese New Year occasion known as Tet. As a diversionary strategy, North Vietnamese units assaulted the Marine base at Khe Sahn in a matter of seconds before Tet and roughly 50,000 U.S. what's more, South Vietnamese powers were engaged with protecting the base and different locales close by. In this way, the Americans and South Vietnamese were amazed by the Tet Offensive, in which more than 100 urban areas and towns and a few dozen landing strips and bases all through South Vietnam were assaulted. Be that as it may, the U.S. also, its partner immediately retaliated and the Viet Cong, who endured huge setbacks, couldn't hold the greater part of the caught region for long. In the United States, individuals were paralyzed by the power and far reaching nature of the assaults. Realistic pictures of the battling were appeared on American TV and just because, analysis of the war mounted on a national scale. General William Westmoreland, leader of U.S. military activities in Vietnam, mentioned more than 200,000 additional soldiers, trusting it would be workable for the U.S. to at last crash the foe in their debilitated condition. In any case, President Lyndon B. Johnsons new resistance secretary, Clark Clifford, persuaded the president to dismiss Westmorelands demand and in March 1968, Johnson expressed that the United States was focused on a de-acceleration of the contention. Johnson additionally reported he would not look for a second term as president. The Viet Cong and North Vietnamese propelled extra Tet battles in May and August of that equivalent year. American battle units at last pulled back from Vietnam in 1973 and South Vietnam tumbled to North Vietnam in 1975. Vietnam War Protests Restriction to American association in the Vietnam War started gradually however developed consistently during the time half of the 1960s, in the long run turning into the biggest and most remarkable enemy of war development in American history. When U.S. planes started customary bombings of North Vietnam in February 1965, liberal popular conclusion had started to scrutinize the governmentââ¬â¢s affirmation that it was battling a fair war to free the South Vietnamese individuals from Communist hostility. The counter war development at that point started decisively, for the most part on school grounds, as individuals from the liberal association Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) started sorting out ââ¬Å"teach-insâ⬠to communicate their resistance to the manner by which it was being directed. In spite of the fact that by far most of the American populace despite everything upheld the organization strategy in Vietnam, a little however blunt liberal minority was making its voice heard before the finish of 1965. This minority included numerous understudies just as conspicuous specialists and learned people and individuals from the flower child development, a developing number of youngsters who dismissed position and grasped the medication culture. Before the finish of 1967, the Vietnam War was costing the U.S. some $25 billion every year, and thwarted expectation was starting to arrive at more prominent areas of the taxpaying open. More setbacks were accounted for in Vietnam consistently, even as U.S. authorities requested more soldiers. Under the draft framework, upwards of 40,000 youngsters were called into administration every month, fanning the fire of the counter war development. Heavyweight fighter Muhammad Ali was one of the more unmistakable Americans who opposed the draft framework, pronouncing himself an outspoken opponent and winning a jail sentence (later toppled) and a three-year restriction from boxing. On October 21, 1967, one of the most conspicuous enemy of war showings occurred, as somewhere in the range of 100,000 dissenters accumulated at the Lincoln Memorial; 30,000 of them proceeded in a walk on the Pentagon soon thereafter. After a severe encounter with the warriors and U.S. Marshals securing the structure, many demonstrators were captured. One of them was the writer Norman Mailer, who chronicled the occasions in his The Armies renowned book of the Night, distributed the next year to boundless praise. By early February 1968, a Gallup survey indicated just 35 percent of the populace endorsed of Johnsonââ¬â¢s treatment of the war and 50 percent objected (the rest had no feeling). Joining the counter war shows at this point were individuals from the association Vietnam Veterans Against the War, a significant number of whom were in wheelchairs and on braces. Seeing these men on TV discarding the decorations they had won during the war did a lot to prevail upon individuals to the counter war cause. After numerous New Hampshire essential voters revitalized behind the counter war Democrat Eugene McCarthy, Johnson declared that he would not look for re-appointment. VP Hubert Humphrey acknowledged the Democratic designation in August in Chicago, and 10,000 enemy of war demonstrators appeared outside the show building, conflicting with security powers amassed by Mayor Richard Daley. Humphrey lost the 1968 presidential political race to Richard M. Nixon, who had guaranteed in his crusade to manage the outrageous components of the populace in particular the radicals and the flower children more viably than Johnson had. Nixonââ¬â¢s war approaches isolated the country even more: In December 1969, the legislature established the first U.S. draft lottery since World War II, inducing an immense measure of contention and making numerous youngsters escape to Canada to dodge induction. Pressures ran higher than at any other time, prodded on by mass exhibits and occurrences of authentic savagery such those at Kent State in May 1970, when National Guard troops shot into a gathering of nonconformists showing against the U.S. intrusion of Cambodia, executing four understudies. When the war at last finished, after North Vietnamese soldiers caught Saigon in 1975, the sad enemy of war trademark ââ¬Å"What are we battling for?â⬠appeared to be a prediction worked out as expected, as veterans got back from Vietnam to locate their own country still harshly partitioned. My Lai Massacre On March 16, 1968, a gathering of U.S. troopers a georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-38158198488045669102020-08-25T20:11:00.001-07:002020-08-25T20:11:05.102-07:00Frankenstein Being More Human than Monster Essay example -- FrankensteFrankenstein Being More Human than Monster Society is unavoidable. It will consistently be there as a joy and a weight. Society puts names on everything, for example, positive or negative, rich or poor, ordinary or unusual. Albeit a portion of these stamps are precise, most are misguided judgments. In Mary Shelley's, Frankenstein, this demonstration of blundering by society is incredibly obvious. Two of the most mistaken presumptions of society spin around the focal characters, Dr. Frankenstein and the beast. Society's names for these two amazingly various characters are on the specific inverse side of the size of what they genuinely are. Dr. Frankenstein is even more a beast while the beast is progressively sympathetic. Dr. Frankenstein, the so marked better than average, no-deficiency man, is really flighty, difficult, and extraordinary in his activities all through the novel. From the absolute first experience with Victor Frankenstein we get an insight if his madness when he asks R. Walton, Do you share my frenzy?. That is the principal thing that he says when he recoups from his ailment. Directly from the beginning we realize that something is amiss with Victor. Dr. Frankenstein's untrustworthiness appears through commonly in his emotions toward his creation. While he was forming his creation, Frankenstein gets so made up for lost time in his work and his longing to be associated with untouched that he doesn't consider what will occur after life is inhaled into his creation. He is so devoured by his work he doesn't rest for a considerable length of time, head outside, eat dinners, or keep in touch with his family. Frankenstein even concedes that he was unable to control his fixation on his work, For this I had denied myself of rest and wellbeing. What rational individual puts his work before his own wellbeing? After his cre... ... human he has known or adored has dismissed the animal he chooses to detach himself. Be that as it may, as he withdraws to his devastation he spares a young lady from suffocating in stream. This worry for human life notwithstanding his adoration toward the family is proof to his humankind. Dr. Frankenstein is a man that cares just of himself and acknowledges no duty regarding his activities and his creation then again is merciful and accommodating to the people who loathe him. Society has the most impact in an individual's perspective on some random point. For the most part society causes misguided judgments about individuals dependent on appearance and the obscure. This is particularly clear in the novel Frankenstein, where marks are put on the fundamental characters by society are slanted. Dr. Frankenstein ends up being even more a beast than his creation while his creation is more compassionate than Dr. Frankenstein is. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-44586053591617843062020-08-22T21:29:00.001-07:002020-08-22T21:29:28.649-07:00Procurement Management Plan for Laces Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsObtainment Management Plan for Laces - Essay Example It additionally illuminates the system of underwriting of understanding and dynamic technique. Approach: The arrangement ought to characterize clearly the necessary stages and obligations thought the life of the organization. The organization chief work with the task group, contract, buying division and merchants to experience various phases of the arrangement, and ensure that the arrangement ought to have the option to direct the organization in the powerful end of the undertaking. Definition: The acquisition definition distinguishes obviously the articles to be gained and states related conditions. Acquirement cutoff times are likewise obviously characterized which is vital for the successful achievement of the task. In this manner in the definition articles to be secured ought to be recorded, avocation given, conditions expressed and some other particular required should likewise be portrayed. The names of the people should likewise be given who can affirm the buy and so on withou t the supervisor. Table I: Shows the articles/administrations to be obtained, legitimization and cutoff time. Article/Service Rationalization Deadline 1. Bands Required for the shoes and its arrangement is exorbitant 1 October 2011 2. Studded soles Required for the culmination of the shoes and its readiness is very tedious 1 October 2011 3. ... The articles required for this situation are generally obtained by firm-fixed value contract. The undertaking group indicates the articles, their sums, administrations and cutoff times. The buying office calls offers from various sellers as per the details and cutoff times. It likewise deals the cost of the articles with the chose merchant as per the firm-fixed cost. Agreement achievement technique: The agreement execution method fluctuates incredibly among various organizations yet it is imperative to indicate all the guidelines for finishing an agreement identifying with obtainment with the organization. The specialists which will be associated with dynamic ought to likewise be referenced. Most importantly it is concluded what articles are to be acquired. It very well may be done through a study of the cost investigation of the necessary articles furnished inside contrasted and that secured from various merchants. In the wake of settling on choices about the things to be acquired d ependent on the cost investigation, the buying division will call for offers from various sellers. Various sellers will send proposition which will be explored to see which proposition is as indicated by the standards set out by the venture group and buying office and offers least cost. It is additionally concluded that up to what sum the undertaking supervisor can favor the buy and the buys more noteworthy than that sum will require the endorsement of The Contract Review Board. This Contract Review Board for the most part comprises of specialists of the undertaking group, buying office, account and task administrator office. Dynamic measures: The standard which is utilized by the agreement audit board/venture director for the determination and grant of agreements contrasts from organization to organization. Be that as it may, following standards georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-1578954297985527352020-08-22T05:41:00.001-07:002020-08-22T05:41:13.251-07:00The Human Story free essay sampleMichael (Gates) Sweeney fifth hour Sophomore Academy English 2 The Human Story by James C. Davis Harper Perennial, 2004 Non-fiction In The Human Story, James C. Davis discloses how mankind became. How we created human advancements, urban communities, domains, religions, and numerous different bits of our regular day to day existences. He expounded on how our general public has created from doing battle when you were 1 5 years of age, and kicking the bucket for your side. In spite of the fact that the book skips around, he covers subjects from homo erectus to George W. Shrubbery. In the initial barely any pages Davis talks about logical terms, for example, Homo erectus and Homo sapiens, the first of the human species. Homo erectus went wiped out 300,000 years prior, at that point Homo sapiens, the principal people, created and were called Wise Men. The purpose behind this name was a result of bigger minds and higher skulls. Despite the fact that they acquired bigger minds, language improvement was not likely. Davis says that anthropologists . alter their perspectives each time they discover specialists skull. We will compose a custom article test on The Human Story or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This must be the reason I have never heard a strong answer concerning this subject. Davis additionally says that Homo sapiens had the endowment of fire. They had astute hands, he says. They can they could light a fire by striking sparkles and pieces of iron mineral. Im sure that the endowment of fire helped them to later on to prepare their food. This more likely than not spared numerous lives from illnesses from crude meat and uncooked nourishments. In outline Davis talks about the early assets that Homo sapiens had in their day by day lives, for example, fire, instruments, correspondence, and so on. Later on in Chapter 6, Davis advances to the universes realms. Davis expounds on Rome, Persia, and the Mongol Empire, all situated in the European and Asian nations we know today. Persia, situated in what we know today as India, was administered by Cyrus II. Cyrus guaranteed that he was the lord of the world. In 264 BC Rome did battle against the Carthaginians. The Carthaginians were extremely talented in the maritime field. In any case, Rome balanced and beat them. I might want to realize what catching irons are. David said that they were utilized by the Romans to hook onto the Carthaginians ships. In the long run Rome self-destructed. Its main indication today is their innovation and the city, Rome, Italy. In section 10 Davis expounds on the American Indian realms. The principle two domains comprised of the Mayans and the Aztecs. The Mayan domain initially started in towns, yet then their populace climbed and climbed and the towns became urban communities. Every one of which were worked around squares with royal residences and sanctuaries. The Mayans were known to be the most practiced people groups of the antiquated world. For the content they started their domain illicitly. They would choose private land close to lakes streams ripe land until the legitimate proprietors drove them out. They proceeded with their technique for intruding until they at last went over two empty islands on Lake Texcoco. So now, encompassed by water, the Aztecs settled in a safe area with food, water, and fruitful land for developing harvests. They utilized long scaffolds to arrive at the terrain where they would chase and set up little shacks for security. In spite of the fact that the Mayans were known to be all the more impressive, I accept the Aztecs had Just the equivalent the dreadful long periods of the universal wars. A great many people accept that the war would likewise be the last. They considered it the war to end war. Sadly however, the subsequent universal war showed up during the 1930s, when the United States and its partners at last shut down Hitler and all of Germanys brutality. Japan had built up a partner which helped him with provisions and numerous necessities for war. This partner was China. China today is a socialist nation, in particular permitting certain imports and fares. The United States has developed to abhor China on account of their horrendous items that they produce, however our administration despises them for their socialism. Japan make the primary right of World War II at Pearl Harbor. They pulled the trigger for perhaps the greatest war ever. Then Hitler needed Austria seriously. David says the fundamental explanation was on the grounds that he was conceived there, and he trusted Germany merited it. One thing I saw was Davis didnt truly get into Hitlers cold-bloodedness towards different religions or races, and I wonder why. With everything taken into account, The Human Story was a savvy book to peruse. Despite the fact that I knew huge numbers of the occasions and times, it was a useful boost for me and should get me out consistently. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-77245163696574687352020-08-21T19:11:00.001-07:002020-08-21T19:11:16.712-07:00In Othello Shakespeare explores the nature of social prejudice Essay ExampleIn Othello Shakespeare investigates the idea of social bias Essay Example In Othello Shakespeare investigates the idea of social bias Paper In Othello Shakespeare investigates the idea of social bias Paper In spite of the fact that Shakespeare displays the abnormal quality of sympathy towards societys outsiders; the majority of society around then was tormented by social preference. Be that as it may, partiality in itself is a free term for it basically alludes to fanaticism. In this manner, it gives a fairly broad class to analyze, for example, in Othello bigotry is the most predominant type of bias, yet sexism and scholarly partiality is likewise obvious. Rather, its the social part of the expression that limits the concentration down a little as now it is obvious that the bias isn't kept to a specific individual, the issue being obviously, that the main path for Shakespeare to depict such partialities is through the mechanism of people. Those with a higher status inside society are commonly seen to be the individuals who are the most careful of their perspectives, yet Brabantio exhibits no idea of limitation when Othello charms Desdemona and weds her. Indeed, Brabantios partialities are passed on in a significant bold and enthusiastic way as he differentiates the criminal of Othello with the fragile young people of Desdemona. Through this differentiating symbolism, Shakespeare features that Brabantio trusts Othello to be to blame and given normal psyche, Desdemona could never have settled on marriage. This is a significant unequivocal exhibit of prejudice, as Brabantio plainly accepts that Othello took Desdemona rather than Desdemona commonly consenting to the marriage, an idea that is additionally accentuated by the consistent references to the chains of enchantment that were utilized be Othello to catch his casualty. In Shakespearian occasions, it was expected that Africans held the intensity of dark enchantment and had the capacity to control their general surroundings, subsequently Shakespeare here just uses a typical generalization to draw in the crowd (around then) with Brabantios perspective. Brabantio even goes similarly as marking Othello as an abuser of the world accordingly ensnaring him with wrongdoings past what he has obviously dedicated towards his girl. This observation is obviously, totally nonsensical and maybe fuelled marginally by the suddenness of the marriage, in spite of the fact that that isn't generally a reason given the way that Brabantio, cherished me [Othello], oft welcomed me, which shows that Brabantio has no misgivings with Othellos character, implying that the main genuine thinking behind his detestation towards the marriage is the shade of Othellos skin. In any case, Brabantio makes the prejudice one stride past the domains of cliché bigotry, he really impugns Othellos status in full: Of such an unbelievable marvel as thou Brabantio goes from detesting the qualities that Othellos skin shading represents, to not in any event, seeing Othello as human. While Desdemona is set on a platform as a house cleaner so delicate, reasonable, and cheerful, Othello is not, at this point perceived as being in a similar world as Desdemona. Rather, by being dehumanized, Othello is discharged of the considerable number of attributes present in a human and along these lines, able to do much more prominent shrewdness. This obviously, suits Brabantios intolerant perspective on Othello and furnishes Brabantio with a reason to additionally denounce the trick of a marriage and dismissal it as the unjust works of a sub-person instead of a human equipped for thinking about his little girl. Shakespeare further decorates this effectively extraordinary bias by the tone of Brabantio. The complexity between the quiet and estimated style of Othello and the irate hysterics of Brabantio is striking, and viably depicts Othello as the normal and congenial character, while featuring the lunacy that can so frequently go with bias through the delineation of Brabantio and his furious discourse. Christopher Wilson composed how the utilization of commas in truth serves to build the pace of Brabantios discourse and along these lines, escalate the energy and outrage that guides him through his points of view. I hence capture and do append thee Brabantio has now willingly volunteered to go about as the appointed authority and the jury. Here the social part of social bias is being appeared as it could be interpreted as an unobtrusive burrow by Shakespeare towards how societys administered by the partiality. Considering the balanced judgment of the Duke later however, this appears to be somewhat improbable. Rather, Shakespeare could simply be underlining how these perspectives are sadly illustrative of society all in all around then, and subsequently, the bias turns into a social partiality instead of simply the horrible fanaticism of a person. To vouch this is no verification The Duke, who is the genuine figure of power, takes care of Brabantio by building up the requirement for evidence. This shows the Duke as an unbiased and deliberative man, somebody who isn't influenced by enthusiastic publicity, however puts together his perspectives with respect to the realities that are placed before him. Therefore, he can separate himself from the passionate insanity that is fuelled by Brabantio and conveys a decision that is liberated from partiality (liberated from his own bias and the preference that has been empowered by different characters). The way that the Duke is the figure of power could likewise be contended as showing the absence of social preference for at long last, society (embodied by the Duke) demonstrations in a reasonable and formed way, demonstrating that the partialities of the individual is eventually useless. Notwithstanding this, there is another type of bias present in the scene other than that of prejudice. Sexism is featured by the nonappearance of a womans voice, at the end of the day, the nonattendance of Desdemona. It is maybe little astonishment to find that the individual who does in the long run request a womans input is that of the blamed, the man who is the real casualty of partiality in Othello. I do importune you send for the woman to the Sagittary, up until this point, the idea of requesting Desdemonas form of occasions has not been thought of. This is maybe characteristic of the job of ladies in the public eye in those days, where they were optional to men and accordingly, were not viewed as valuable when managing issues, for example, this one, in spite of being included. This is Shakespeare delineating preference unobtrusively, to no end is really said that is explicitly harsh towards ladies, yet the nonattendance of ladies highlights the self-importance of men in the public arena just as demonstrating that the most target individuals were regularly the casualties of partiality themselves, similar to Othello in this occurrence. Tis such another fitchew! Wed a perfumed one. Another partiality is available here as Bianca is respected with disdain by Cassio, the very individual who she lays down with. Whores have consistently had a lower status in the public arena for the corrupt lives that they lead. Nobody in Othello gives off an impression of being very as inadequately viewed as Bianca as featured by the way that even Emilia criticizes Bianca. Biancas wish has all the earmarks of being to wed Cassio, yet he doesn't think about how conceivable it is. Moreover, Cassio alludes to Bianca as a fitchew, which invokes the picture of a polecat, which is generally known for its rank scent and prurience. Furthermore, Cassio states how Bianca is frequenting him, something which makes the obnoxious picture of a stalker and praises the brutal picture of a fitchew. This is obviously a barefaced utilization of overstatement on Cassios part, in spite of the fact that it is effective in stressing the ridicule that Bianca is respected with, and hence complementing the partiality in the public arena towards whores. Tragically, this kind of partiality has not improved by much consistently, albeit a cutting edge crowd is bound to identify with Bianca than a Shakespearian crowd. The most outrageous showcase of preferences, fairly incidentally, originates from the nuance of Iagos convincing methodology. The purveyor of the foul play in the play is obviously the focal point of the preference as well, yet not at all like Brabantio, Cassio or the others, he for the most part exhibits this in an unquestionably progressively unobtrusive manner (aside from when alluding to Othello as a barbary horse and other similarly contemptible pictures that were made to persuade Brabantio of Othellos blame). I would not have your free and respectable nature out of self-abundance, be manhandled. In spite of the fact that not an immediate sign of partiality as it for instance of Iago complimenting Othello, it despite everything shows the scorn with which Iago respects Othello. Already, Iago had implied Othello as free and open, at the end of the day, simple. However, he currently utilizes it to compliment him and it permits him to lead on and help Othello to remember his outside legacy (I know our nation mien well. ) Othello clearly accepts that Iago is doing this to his greatest advantage, yet every one of these references have the suggestions of preference. They all reflect the thing Iago had before said about Othello, though in an alternate setting, and in my view, they along these lines speak to a less outright type of bigotry. Obviously, the most clear types of preference come when Iago faces Brabantio about reality; nonetheless, Shakespeare attracts numerous equals what Iago says in that experience and what he presently says to Othello (yet in a progressively unobtrusive way). The way that Othello starts to talk along these lines to Iago and every so often depends on inhuman symbolism shows that Iagos partiality is somewhat infectious and could fill in as a plague to society. Moreover, Iago further shows partiality sees in his sexist demeanor, which is particularly shown in his treatment of Emilia. To have a silly spouse is a pernicious enough remark to state in the security of the home, yet to broadcast it before a little group is significantly all the more mortifying for Emilia. This unashamed showcase of censure is demonstrative of sexist perspectives that Iago apparently holds. A few pundits really bolster this translation as Iago is seen by some in the abstract network, to in actuality be gay. There is no immediate proof to help t georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-45849248310728897922020-08-08T20:07:00.001-07:002020-08-08T20:07:02.204-07:00Customer Service Analysis of EasyJet and Ryanair TourismCustomer Service Analysis of EasyJet and Ryanair Tourism Consumerism is claimed to be a major characteristic of the modern society that stands on the infinite cycle of market relations. In the struggle for their competitive position in the market, businesses take efforts to identify and quickly satisfy needs and demands of the consumer population. In the present-day consumer-oriented society, customer service has become a critical issue of concern in terms of organisational management and leadership (Stearns, 2006). Tourism is one of the rapidly growing industries that continuingly expands the scope of services offered to the market. In its consumer-focused approach, tourism industry utilises a differentiated marketing strategy that reflects diversified market conditions. As such, tourism practices an ongoing investigation and analysis of consumer needs and expectations to develop and introduce new solutions and products aimed at ensuring positive customer experience and satisfaction with the services (Ray, 2015). In the context of the inc reased concern for ethnic identity and cultural heritage, tourism trips to historical cities and places has gained popularity in Europe. The airline industry occupies a vital segment in tourism enabling the customer transfer to the desired destination point. The airline industryâs market success depends heavily on the service quality and customer satisfaction. In this domain, carriersâ efficiency is assessed through the incidence of on-time arrivals, mishandled baggage, denied boarding cases and passenger complaints (Baker, 2013). These issues affect customer evaluation of services and satisfaction with them, which, in their turn, influence business outcomes of airline carriers, such as revenue and lost customers. In this respect, the marketing strategy in the airline industry requires the practice of a consumer-oriented marketing strategy (Keiningham et al., 2014). Comparative studies of various carriers showed that low-cost carriers are more focused on improving their customer service (Baker, 2013). In Europe, the market of low-fare carriers is represented by two major providers. Ryanair is the largest provider of low-fare airline services that champions the low-price travelling sector. EasyJet is another strong low-fare carrier, the key benefit of which is the flight convenience. These two airline service providers cover most of the low-fare market, which explains their continuing competition and struggle for customers. As a result, efforts and progress of these two providers in improving their service quality and increasing customer satisfaction rates are a frequent subject of the popular media and scholarship. For instance, the case study of Niinimaa (2011) illustrated the prevalence of positive customer attitudes towards their experiences with web search and online check-in procedures. Recent newspaper publications emphasised a general sat isfaction of Ryanair customers with their flight experiences in terms of the airline punctuality, baggage handling and passenger treatment (Independent, 2016). Finally, the carrier promotes its commitment to the customer-service excellence by releasing the latest customer-satisfaction statistics that accounts for 93% of the satisfied passengers (Ryanair, 2016). In its competition in the low-fare airline market, EasyJet has prioritised convenience of the flight, which resulted in a higher price compared to Ryanair. This marketing strategy allowed the carrier to occupy its niche in the market ensuring business profitability and development. However, in terms of customer service, EasyJet loses its competitor in terms of poorer punctuality (Niinimaa, 2011). High incidence of flight delays lowered the carrierâs position in the Skytrax rating that produces annual assessments of airline performances. In 2016, EasyJet was claimed among the worst airline service providers in the world. Interestingly, the same rating for Ryanair was not much higher, which indicated that both carriers had to review their customer service policies (Kim, 2016). At the same time, EasyJet has an advantage in imbedding technology in their operational processes to enhance interactions between customers and stakeholders (Niinimaa, 2011). Another argument for EasyJet custom er service concerns good education and preparation of its staff, which allows expecting the providerâs excellence and market success in the future. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-27307046063886428322020-06-24T01:31:00.001-07:002020-06-24T01:31:02.426-07:00Scent and Hatred in the novel Perfume - Literature Essay Samples Scent and hatred in the novel Perfume Everyone has characteristics that define or individualize them. Without these characteristics, it becomes difficult for one to be considered unique. The novel Perfume, by Patrick Suskind, presents a character, Grenouille, who is distinctive, yet conflicted with his individuality, or identity. For Grenouille, life experiences are defined by what he observes through scent, and the actions he takes are based on interpretation of scents. Given the notion that scent acts as Grenouilleââ¬â¢s lens, much as we use sight to interpret our world, it follows that scent also represents an individual or identity. In essence, the function of scent has given rise to the theme of identity in the novel, which has in turn given scent symbolic meaning. This interplay between theme and symbol not only drives the plot forward but also enlightens Grenouilleââ¬â¢s understanding of his world. However, Grenouilleââ¬â¢s understanding of himself and the world at th e end of the novel lead to his disdain for the human race, and ultimately his suicide. Patrick Suskind incorporates the concept of scent in Perfume not only to serve as a means for Grenouille to interpret the world, but also as a symbol that intensifies Grenouilleââ¬â¢s hatred for humanity.Within the novel scent symbolizes identity, and Grenouilleââ¬â¢s lack of scent causes him to pursue the crafting of emotion instilling perfumes. The idea of scent symbolizing identity is most significantly emphasized during Grenouilleââ¬â¢s retreat at Plomb du Canal. He awakens to the realization that he ââ¬Å"who could smell other people miles away, was incapable of smelling his own genitals not a handspan away!,â⬠. This alarms him, and he begins to feel ââ¬Å"the fear of not knowing much of anything about himselfâ⬠. For Grenouille, scent is his vision and his passion, and for him to be completely void of any sort of scent is equivalent to being dead. This existential crisis compels Grenouille to leave his retreat and seek some kind of validation of his existence. However, on a more symbolic level, Grenouilleââ¬â¢s quest for validation represents what we as humans also seek in life. For Grenouille, being able to smell is his passion and makes him feel ââ¬Å"blessedly wonderfulâ⬠(Suskind 126). This more human characteristic of Grenouille, validates Grenouilleââ¬â¢s quest to find his scent. Grenouilleââ¬â¢s solution to his lack of scent is to imbue himself with scents that are not his own to evoke strong emotional responses from those around him. Grenouille internally defines his identity with the amount of love or attention he receives: The more people who acknowledge him, the stronger his foundation for identity becomes. This idea is primarily shown during his stay in the company of Marquis Taillade, the scientist, with whom Grenouille first begins to associate love and identity. After Grenouille concocts a perfume composed of ââ¬Å"cat -shit, cheese, and vinegarâ⬠(158) he walks the streets of Montpellier to test the effects of his new odor. He finds that rather than others reacting in shock or oblivion to his presence (as they have previously done), they react as anyone would to a normal human, apologizing when bumping into one another, and smiling courteously. Grenouille then realizes, that it matters not who you are when seeking attention or love, because it can all be erased with an alteration of oneââ¬â¢s scent. Grenouille uses this epiphany to his advantage and sets out to make a scent ââ¬Å"so indescribably good and vital that whoever smelled it would be enchanted and with his whole heart would have to love himâ⬠(160). Aside from this declaration of conquest (of the human heart) setting into motion the series of murders Grenouille performs, the desire to conquer the human heart is indicative of how Grenouille defines identity: being loved and accepted. This definition stems from Grenouilleâ⠬â¢s lack of affection growing up. Since childbirth he has been constantly rejected or disregarded; starting from his motherââ¬â¢s attempted infanticide, which shows that even from childbirth he was neglected. Furthermore, Grenouille experienced years of abuse, and neglect under the dehumanizing working conditions of Grimal the tanner. In the latter half of the novel Grenouille falls into the hands of Marquis Taillade de Epinade, who treats him well, although it is only because the Marquis sees Grenouille as a means to his scientific success, not as an actual human being. Thus, Grenouille has never once experienced a form of true acceptance or love in his life, and because of this, he associates the feeling of acceptance and acknowledgement with legitimate identity. However, the fruits of Grenouilleââ¬â¢s labor (the finale perfume) do not deliver the feeling of acceptance and identity. Rather, the final perfume highlights what Grenouille detests about humanity. Grenouille i mmerses himself in developing a perfume that will make him loved by everyone, regardless of the wearer. However, in this immersion Grenouille loses sight of what was important to his being, which is his hatred for the human race. Thus, the ââ¬Å"contempt for themâ⬠(the human race) (191) that Grenouille held at the start of the conquest changes to a genuine desire to gain acceptance through the perfume. Grenouille leaves Montpellier and stumbles upon a perfumerââ¬â¢s workshop. The workshop is run by Madame Arnulfi, who hires Grenouille to work for them but with very little pay. However, from this experience, Grenouille learns to extract the purest scents from living and still life. Grenouille is ââ¬Å"enchanted by their meaningless perfectionâ⬠and taken by ââ¬Å"truly innocent happinessâ⬠(191). The only reason Grenouille creates what ends up being the final perfume, is to satisfy his unwavering ambition and curiosity. However, in this ambitious pursuit, Grenou ille fails to realize that he would in fact rather live in solitude than live surrounded by false affection. When Grenouille retreated to Plomb du Canal, the reason for doing so was to be ââ¬Å"truly completely aloneâ⬠(125). Grenouille even ââ¬Å"erupted with thundering jubilationâ⬠(125) in his solitude. This truth becomes more evident at the pinnacle of his achievement (the final perfume), and in observing its effects on those around him. As he is about to be executed for murder before a crowd of people, the perfume takes its effect, and he witnesses adoration growing for him. However, ââ¬Å"the more he hated them, the more they worshipped him,â⬠because Grenouille realized that their reactions were not to Grenouille but a facade. He still possesses no scent, and thus no identity, yet he is still loved. The fact that perfume could so easily sway the perception of humanity, driving those it affected to insanity, leaves Grenouille feeling mutually disgusted with t he triumph. Because he is scentless, people will never ââ¬Å"respond with an answer to his one true emotion, hatredâ⬠(250). This leads to Grenouilleââ¬â¢s suicide at the Cimetiere des Innocents. Grenouille sacrifices his life after realizing that no one, not even the father of the girl Grenouille murdered, will ever come to truly hate him; and hatred is Grenouilles only emotional connection. Since no one will ever hate him, he feels rejected from the world. Through Grenouilleââ¬â¢s death, Suskind suggests that Grenouille is also very human. If we were denied by everyone we met for who we were, how could we possibly continue living in the world?Grenouilleââ¬â¢s existential crisis, which is his inability to recognize his own scent, or lack of it, inspires him to create a perfume that will garner him love from everyone. He does this because Grenouille feels that love will give him a stronger foundation for identity. However, in achieving his goal, he realizes that these humans who are so easily tricked by smell into loving a murderer, could never make him feel validated. In this way, Patrick Suskind incorporates the symbol of scent in the novel Perfume not only to serve as Grenouilleââ¬â¢s lens, but also as a concept that intensifies Grenouilleââ¬â¢s hatred for humanity. But why did Suskind choose to use scent rather than sight? Or hearing, for that matter? Perhaps it is because scent is something we can never really rid ourselves. It is a distinct part of us because no matter how much perfume we use to mask or alter the way we smell; we still know that our natural scent lies beneath our facade. For this reason, scent can be symbolized as an inescapable truth about who we are, and it serves to emphasize Grenouilleââ¬â¢s hatred for the human race, which possesses a scent quite foul. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-46782234144512303452020-05-23T13:35:00.001-07:002020-05-23T13:35:03.543-07:00AA Business Watch Out for these Common Degree Scams 2019 No studies, no attendance, no waiting, no examinations, advertises an online university offering AA Business degrees, Order now and get your degree in 5 days for as little as $199! Sound too good to be true? It probably is. More than 30 fake universities are selling bogus degrees in the U.S. alone, in what amounts to be a 200 million-dollar industry. Students in search of quality AA Business programs, through the convenience of online education, can avoid degree scams by heeding these common warning signs: The AA Business program claims accreditation by an unrecognized or nonexistent agency. Valid universities should be accredited by an agency recognized by the Council on Higher Education Accreditation. Always check for university and program accreditation. The only admission requirement to the AA Business program is a valid credit card. All valid universities have admission requirements. If the only thing required is to pay a fee, the school is probably bogus. .ucdd7cb1a212499c945cef8fd5adb4a0a { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ucdd7cb1a212499c945cef8fd5adb4a0a:active, .ucdd7cb1a212499c945cef8fd5adb4a0a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ucdd7cb1a212499c945cef8fd5adb4a0a { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ucdd7cb1a212499c945cef8fd5adb4a0a .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ucdd7cb1a212499c945cef8fd5adb4a0a .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ucdd7cb1a212499c945cef8fd5adb4a0a:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Preparing a Healthier Financial Future Through Healthcare Management EducationThe AA Business program offers large amounts of academic credit for life experience. Some universities do offer academic credit in limited amounts for relevant work experience. However, being exempted from entire semesters of study based on experience alone is not an option at legitimate universities. The AA Business program can be completed in an unusually short amount of time. Some AA Business programs can be completed in as little as 20 months or less with transferable academic credits. 5 days, however, is not a realistic time frame to earn a valid degree. The AA Business program professors have questionable qualifications. Faculty should have the academic qualifications and professional experience necessary to teach AA Business classes. The AA Business program school has a name very similar to a valid, accredited university. Bogus universities will sometimes assume the name of an accredited university in order to sound more reputable. Never choose a school based on name alone. .u50266f5ef98f4c420773285a74d42851 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u50266f5ef98f4c420773285a74d42851:active, .u50266f5ef98f4c420773285a74d42851:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u50266f5ef98f4c420773285a74d42851 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u50266f5ef98f4c420773285a74d42851 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u50266f5ef98f4c420773285a74d42851 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u50266f5ef98f4c420773285a74d42851:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Criminal Justice Degrees From ITT Technical InstituteFor links to accredited online AA Business programs, visit College-Pages.com, the leading education and career resource website. Prospective students will also find more informative articles about choosing valid, quality online degree programs. Related ArticlesBSN in Nursing Look for This to Avoid Enrolling in a Bogus Nursing ProgramBSB 5 Ways to Earn a Bachelor of Science in Business in as Little as 12 MonthsAssociate Degree in Criminal Justice Online Is That Program Really AccreditedCareer Overview College Admissions RecruiterThe Road to a Criminal Justice Career Earning an A.A. in Criminal JusticeAA on Business Administration How to Tell if a School is Really Accredited georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-6031902391469990552020-05-18T16:16:00.001-07:002020-05-18T16:16:04.660-07:00Displays of Supernatural in Jane Eyre - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 620 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/18 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Jane Eyre Essay Did you like this example? Jane Eyre had always been set in her ways from when she spent her early childhood at Gateshead to reuniting with Mr. Rochester. Throughout the novel of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bront, several instances of the supernatural are used in order to drive Janes journey of self- discovery. Early on, when Jane had spent her tumultuous childhood at Gateshead, Bront displayed the supernatural through the use of the red room. The overwhelming red color scheme in the room, along with the horrendous treatment received at Gateshead, can be easily connected to the fiery pits of hell. Succumbing to the constant wave of being oppressed, suffocated that this room only heightened, Jane ended up passing out (Bronte 23). Her time done in the red room can also be seen as her final endurance at Gateshead due to the fact that having had enough of her inhuman treatment, she stands up to Aunt Reed and demands to be put into school, leading her to her next journey: Lowood. Later on in the book, readers see Jane Eyre refer back to the red room when something can possibly be haunting or reminds her of her time at Gateshead. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Displays of Supernatural in Jane Eyre" essay for you Create order The Gytrash, another supernatural element, appears at the beginning of yet another chapter in her life: Thornfield. Her first ever encounter of Mr. Rochester was suspected he was the infamous Gytrash. The legend of Gytrash deals with an evil man that ended up taking a woman captive, letting her spend her last days locked up in his castle; however, his narcissistic, spiteful persona was only changed when the spirit of the maiden came back to haunt him. Bronte used Gytrash to allow readers to foreshadow how Mr. Rochesters persona will end up being and how he will treat Jane. The parallels in both Gytrash and Mr. Rochester is that they both have a woman locked up in their homes, and if it were not for Jane leaving both Mr. Rochester and Thornfield, she would have been just as confined and oppressed. As seen later in the novel, Mr. Rochesters self-absorbed, narcissistic behavior only rids his personality when Bertha is released and no longer a burden, just as the legend of Gytrash ends a s well. Bertha is seen as the demon that haunts Thornfield, Mr. Rochester, and Jane. Bertha is also viewed as the embodiment of what Jane fears she will become if she goes through with marrying Mr. Rochester. Jane viewed both marriage and Mr. Rochester as a place that will confine her, suffocate her, and evidently driver her mad; these thoughts become apparent when Jane sees Bertha tear her wedding veil in two the night before the wedding day. When Bertha is killed in the fire at Thornfield, this shows the readers that all of Janes thoughts and fears have also been dissolved in the fire because Jane finally became secure enough in who she is and what she values, and Mr. Rochester has let go of the suffocating attitudes he once obtained; thus allowing the two to be reunited and wedded. The red room, the legend of Gytrash, and Bertha all allowed Jane to move towards who she wanted to be in a society to restrictive and oppressive towards females. The red room allowed her to realized the detrimental influence Gateshead had on her growth and mental state. The legend of Gytrash helps foreshadow her new journey at Thornfield, showing the obstacles ahead. Bertha physically displays the underlying doubts and fears Jane embodied when it came to her stand on marriage and marriage to Mr. Rochester; thus allowing her to venture on until she became everything she aspired and envisioned for herself in order to come back to marry her only love, Mr. Rochester. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-82966190778427532532020-05-12T09:20:00.001-07:002020-05-12T09:20:04.022-07:00The Process of Adolescent Development Essay - 1566 Words Introduction Adolescence is a transition which has no fixed time limits. However, the changes that occur at this time are so significant that it is useful to talk about adolescence as a distinct period of human life cycle. This period ranges from biological changes to changes in behavior and social status, thus making it difficult to specify its limits exactly (Damon, 2008). Adolescence begins with puberty, i.e. a series of physiological changes that lead to full development of the sexual organs and the ability to breed and sex. The time interval that elapses begins at 11 to 12 years and extends to 18 to 20. However we cannot associate to a 13 with one 18 years. Let us talk about early adolescence between 11 to 14 years, which coincidesâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It is hypothesized that the overgrowth of synapses prepares young children to adapt to their environments. Once it is determined which synapses are used and which are unnecessary, the excess connections disappear, allowing the brain t o work more efficiently. A process known as myelination also begins early in a childââ¬â¢s development. In this process an insulating layer of fat covers nerve cells. The insulating layer increases the speed at which neurochemical information moves along the axon, facilitating more rapid and efficient information processing At the earliest ages, those nerves that involve sensory development become myelinated, followed by those neurons responsible for motor development. The final area of the brain in which myelination occurs is in the cortex with the neurons associated with complex thinking skills. This pattern of brain growth continues through late adolescence (Swanson, 2010). Attention span has also been linked to myelination. Therefore, childrenââ¬â¢s ability to concentrate and attend to novel stimuli increases with age and brain development. Because of these important development differences, the school-based practitioner needs to be aware that younger children may need shorter sessions and more ââ¬Å"think timeâ⬠to respond than an adolescent. As noted, children also experience relatively rapid growth in their bodies. By the time a girl reaches 12, she will likely have entered a period of rapid physical development, including the onsetShow MoreRelatedSocialisation, Personal Identity, Gender Identity And Gender Roles1313 Words à |à 6 PagesRoles: Boundless.com defines ââ¬ËSocialisationââ¬â¢ as ââ¬Å"a term used to refer to the lifelong process of inheriting and disseminating norms, customs and ideologies providing the individual with the skills and habits necessary for precipitating within oneââ¬â¢s society, thus the means by which social and cultural continuity are attainedâ⬠(Boundless.com, 2015). The process of socialisation involves an individual such as an adolescent to have interactions with various agents of socialisation. 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Dramatic changes take place during adolescence; no other time period of a personââ¬â¢s life except infancy contains so much development into such a short time span. Puberty has historically been viewed as the starting point of adolescence and several factors play a role in determining the timing of puberty such georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-15406739611477370652020-05-06T20:55:00.001-07:002020-05-06T20:55:07.964-07:00Sociology The Science Of Society - 2944 Words SOCIOLOGY Sociology may be defined as: (1) the science of society; (2) the study of human behavior in social context; (3) the study of social interaction and groups; or (4) a systematic understanding of social interactions, organization, and change. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Social institutions are a system of behavioral and relationship patterns that are densely interwoven and enduring, and function across an entire company. They regulate and structure the behavior of individuals by way of their normative role. Institutions regulate the behavior of individuals in core areas of society: a) family and relationship networks carry out social reproduction and socialization; b) institutions in the realm of education and training ensure the transmission and cultivation of knowledge, abilities and specialized skills; c) institutions in the labor-market and economy provide for the production and distribution of goods and services; d) institutions in the realm of law, governance and politics provide for the maintenance of the social order; e) while cultural, media and religious institutions further the development of contexts of meaning, value orientations and symbolic codes. Social institutions are established or standardized patterns of convention-regulated behavior. They include the family, education, religion, and economic and political institutions. 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With the explanation of why sociology is a science, the next step would be to specify what type of science sociology is and how it relates to the natural sciencesRead MoreSociology : Social Science And Sociology1386 Words à |à 6 Pagesto the history of sociology, it was the nineteenth century that s ociology emerged, with the word ââ¬Ë sociology ââ¬â¢ appeared in the Cours de philosophie Positive Book 4[ Auguste Comte,1838 Cours de philosophie Positive] by Comte in 1838. The social forces, however, were complicated actually, which included both social, economical, cultural and even a little bit of political or religious elements. This essay explains these factors in the following part. 2.1 Social Science and Sociology The philosophesRead Morefactors that contributed to the rise and development of sociology1511 Words à |à 7 Pagescontributed to the rise of sociology and the latter`s development. In simply terms, sociology is the scientific study of the society and human behavior. The emergence of sociology traces back to the eighteenth century up to present day. Johnson (1998) suggests that in summary, the rise and development of sociology is based on political, economic, demographic, social and scientific changes. Ritzer (2008) asserts that the immediate cause for the beginning of sociology were political unrests especiallyRead MoreSociology: The Study of Humanity Essay1480 Words à |à 6 PagesHowever new you are to sociology it is probable that you have an idea, however vague and general, regarding what sociology is supposed to be about. It may be that you have an idea that sociology is about people. And you would be right to think so. We might start then by noting that sociology is one of the human sciences and as such it is a subject to be distinguished from the so-called physical sciences. Sociology is the study of humanity. However this description of sociology is only partiallyRead MoreSociology as a Science Essay1149 Words à |à 5 Pages Sociology emerged in the eighteenth century after a period of intense cultural, social and economic changes. As people began to try to understand these changes, there came a period called the Enlightenment. This is also considered by Hamilton (1992) to be a ââ¬Å"time characterised by the development of distinctively modern forms of thought about society and the realm of the social.â⬠The Enlightenment encouraged a new way of thinking marked by application of reason, experienceRead MoreIs Sociology a Science1655 Words à |à 7 Pagesstudy of sociology cannot and should not be seen as scientificâ⬠To what extent do sociological arguments and evidence support this view? (33 marks) The debate about whether sociology can be represented as a science has existed for many years. Comte; who first used the word sociology argued that sociology should be based on the methodology of the natural sciences. He argues that the application of natural science methodology to the study of society would produce a ââ¬Ëpositive science of societyââ¬â¢, showingRead MoreSociological And Common Sense Understanding1341 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduction to Sociology Throughout this essay, I will explain the distinction between sociological and common sense understanding, highlight the differences between sociology and other social sciences, and evaluate two sociological perspectives ââ¬â Marxism and feminism. Sociology is the scientific study of human society. It examines the development of social structures, and the interaction between these structures and human behaviour. Sociologists aim to provide tools of understanding the processRead MorePsychology And Sociology And Psychology1612 Words à |à 7 PagesWhen we think of society or people, and their behavior, psychology and sociology come to our mind. This is because they are academic fields that posses the same main idea, which is the study of the behavior. Although these two sciences have enormous differences, for those whom never had read anything about this topics it would seem the same. Despite bearing some superficial similarities, the differences between sociology and psychology are pronounced. Actually the main contrast between them is georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-8049698555921898802020-05-06T12:11:00.001-07:002020-05-06T12:11:59.129-07:00Balance in the Administration of Justice Security Free Essays string(83) " use of a wire tap, and that the chances of its success should be reasonably high\." Recent American polls have suggested that Americans, in a bid to reducing terrorism threats, do not mind sacrificing some of their freedom. The choices faced are usually two; a free country which is prone to terrorist attacks, and a restricted country that is free from terrorism. These are hard choices to make, especially with the view that no restrictions can guarantee absence of a terrorist attack, they merely reduce the chances of occurrence. We will write a custom essay sample on Balance in the Administration of Justice Security or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some people see no conflict between security and liberty, and instead view security as a means to liberty. Proper governments use police powers, both military and domestic, to safeguard the liberty of its citizens. According to Coutu (2006), abrogation, cannot however be used to safeguard individual freedom. Governments that use police powers arbitrarily, destroy the values that they are supposed to secure. Before these governments use police powers to place people under surveillance, question them, arrest them, prosecute them, and in international threats, attack enemy countries, they should have comprehensive evidence of threat to the citizens of its country. This principle is used even in times of war, although procedures and standards, of prosecution and evidence may change. For example, if a certain country supports terrorists, the government has the right to screen or ban citizens arriving from that country. During war, the government has also the right to imprison or execute enemy combatants, without public trials. The major bone of contention when balancing the needs of the justice system and the individual rights of the people, is the perception that individual rights have been trampled on, when enforcing security regulations. Such rights as freedom of movement, freedom of expression, and rights of privacy are seen to be curtailed, when enforcing security regulations, such as using torture to obtain information, monitoring phone calls to obtain information, and checking IDs when screening people. These three issues are analyzed below, including my suggestions, as a justice administrator, on how to deal with them, so as to balance needs of the justice system and the individual rights of the people. Issues involved in regulation of security. Use of torture to obtain information According to Coutu and Simon (2007), torture has long been used as a means of extracting information from suspects or prisoners. In the United States, the US army and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) are the most notorious government agents that have been reported to use torture in extracting information. In fact, both of them have courses on torture, in their training manuals. Torture is normally conducted in dark rooms, which have no toilets and windows, and its aim is to threaten the suspect into giving information, due to belief that lack of cooperation will lead to physical and emotional trauma. There have been many instances where the US army has been caught torturing prisoners, the most notable in the Iraqi prisons, and Guantanamo bay, Cuba. The exposure by the media has however led to decrease in such human rights violations. In instances of war, it is difficult for soldiers to balance between the freedom of a person and security obligations. This is because a war is a life and death situation, and does not allow the leisure of thinking rationally before acting, especially when in a battle scene. However, in case prisoners are captured, in my opinion as a justice administrator, the security obligations should only outweigh individual rights, and allow reasonable level of torture, if either of three conditions are met. The prisoner should have information that is; crucial to saving lives of other people, will help in achievement of the war mission, or will help prevent further destruction of property. As stated above, reasonable level of torture should be used in these circumstances, and it must be carried out in the presence of a qualified physician. In case it is not during a war situation, my opinion is a fourth condition is introduced; that a court of law should be convinced that there is evidence that suggests, that torture is the only means that can be used to extract that information. Monitoring phone calls to obtain security threats. According to Stephens and Glenn (2006), telephone and wire taps have been used to obtain information, by third parties, for a relatively long time. Its history can be traced to as early as 1890s and has been carried out in the US, under several presidents. Wire tapping has for many years been used to catch spies, or to spy against foreign countries with a view of obtaining strategic information. However, it has taken a different dimension recently, and is largely used to either catch criminals in the act, or to prevent crimes from happening. This involves tapping the telephones that are used or placing bugging devices close to suspects, so that they might capture their conversation. There have been calls for restriction of wire taps, since it is seen as violation of the right of privacy. This is especially true because of the tendency of government agents to abuse such powers, and tap phones, even where there is no accompanying evidence to suggest a crime. When deciding on the use of wire taps, it is important to weigh the security of the wider public, against the rights of the individual. In case the security threat outweighs the rights of the individual, wire taps may be used. However, before wire taps are used, in my opinion as a justice administrator, a court of law has to authorize it, and three conditions must be satisfied. The first is that, it should be proved that there is evidence against a suspect that links him or her to committing, or trying to commit a crime. The second is the alleged crime has to be material enough to warrant a wire tap. The third is that there should be no other possible way to link the suspect to the crime, other than use of a wire tap, and that the chances of its success should be reasonably high. You read "Balance in the Administration of Justice Security" in category "Papers" In this case, the security of the wider public will have out weighed the individual freedom, and use of phone taps will be reasonable. ID checks in screening people Since the September 11, 2001 attacks, there has been increase in checking of IDs, as a preventive measure against criminal activity. IDs are checked when using airlines, checking into hotels, entering a government building and sometimes even entering a hospital. These checks are all aimed at ensuring security prevails, but some people see it as invasion of privacy, and restricting freedom of movement. When trying to balance liberty and security, it is imperative that a cost benefit analysis is done, and benefits of such measures weighed against costs. In this case, checking IDs should have more benefits against costs, but that is not the case. In fact, according to Toner (2002), all the September 11 terrorist attacks were carried out by people with IDs; some were fake, others were genuine. They carried them since they expected to be asked for them. IDs are very easily forged, and are readily available; teenagers use them often to enter clubs when they are under-aged. IDs are also useless to check, if there is no accompanying profile; this means merely having an ID of a criminal without knowledge that he or she is one, does not have any benefit. Presence of profiles divides people into two classes; those that fit the profile and are thus screened cautiously, and those who do not fit the profile and are thus not screened very cautiously. This exposes a very dangerous third category of those who are criminals but do not fit the profile. Examples are Timothy McVeigh, the Oklahoma bomber, and John Allen, the Washington sniper. In such circumstances, it is clear that benefits of ID checks are lower than their costs, the cost being intrusion of privacy and freedom of movement. In my opinion as a justice administrator, it is important to cease such checks, since they limit freedom and liberty, without reasonable benefits on security of the wider public. The police should use other approaches such as random checks, which are less predictable than regular checks. Changes in technology and mass communication and effects on justice and security areas. The advent of globalization has turned the world into a global village. According to Waldron (2003), it is possible to carry out business activities, communicate, learn, share ideas, and so much more, with anyone in any part of the world, through the Internet. Mobile phone technology has also made it possible for people in all corners of the world to communicate and interact with one another. This is the reason that e-mails and mobile phones have played an important role in many peopleââ¬â¢s lives. However, criminals have also had access to these forms of communication and interaction, which has presented a danger to the society. Technology has enabled criminals to carry out their activities faster, and with higher precision. Technology has enabled them to communicate faster amongst themselves, and obtain information about their targets. Changes in technology have also been the downfall of criminals. Through use of mobile phones and emails, criminals have left traces of their criminal activities and identities. This is because communication between themselves can be recorded, fingerprints and DNA can be ââ¬Ëliftedââ¬â¢ from crime scenes, and data can be recovered from computers and phones that they use. This has been the key to solving many crimes, since it places the suspects at the crime scene, and may unearth crucial evidence to use in prosecution. This is what investigators have relied on, over the years. New technology has enabled investigators to be able to monitor suspectsââ¬â¢ movements and communication through ââ¬Ëbugsââ¬â¢ placed on phones that record conversations and cameras that monitor movements of suspects. However, there has been cases where investigators have abused their powers, by illegally listening to conversations of people, without evidence that they are potential suspects. This is what has been regarded by people as restricting the freedom of privacy. Mass media has played a very important role in highlighting issues regarding to liberty and security of citizens. The media has played a very important role, especially with regards to exposing human rights abuses by US soldiers, both in Iraqi prisons and Guantanamo bay, in Cuba. In both instances, the media exposed torture on unarmed prisoners, and in other cases, on non-combatants. This was previously restricted to the closed walls of prison, but once it was exposed, the abuses had to cease, due to the spotlight on the soldiers. The mass media can thus be said to have played a crucial role in restoring justice, in that respect. Conclusion It is evident that the balance between individual rights and the administration of security is difficult. This is because some people complain, when administration of security is done, under the guise of violation of their rights. On the other hand, when crimes are committed, they are the first ones to blame the security agencies. This makes it a very delicate affair and the administrators of justice should ensure that a balance between the two is maintained. This can be done by weighing the benefits of the administration of security to the wider public, against the rights of the individual. If the benefits to the wider public outweigh those of the individual, then the security measures should be performed. Another way of ensuring the balance of security and individual rights, especially during a war situation, is to make sure that the decision to torture someone should be guided by saving of lives, accomplishing of war objectives, or saving of property. However, it should be noted that during war, torture should be done to reasonable levels, and that a qualified physician should be present. In absence of war, torture should be approved by a court of law, after examining evidence presented, and ruling that torture is inevitable. In the case of phone taps, this should only be allowed after a court of law weighs evidence produced, and concludes that phone taps are the best way of obtaining evidence against the suspect, under such circumstances. ID checks should only be allowed if done at random, since the criminals do not anticipate them. References. Coutu, M. (2006). The Aftermath of 11 September 2001: Liberty Vs. Security. Washington: OUP. Coutu, N. E. , Simon, R. L. (2007), The Individual and the Political Order: An Introduction to Social and Political Philosophy. New York: Rowman Littlefield Stephens, O. H. , Glenn, R. A. (2006), Unreasonable Searches and Seizures: Rights and Liberties Under the Law. Chicago: ABC-CLIO. Toner, R. (2002). A nation challenged: The terrorism fight; civil liberty vs security. New York Times. Retrieved on October 23, 2008 from facultystaff. vwc. edu. Waldron, J. (2003). Security and liberty: The image of balance. The Journal of Political Philosophy. Boston: Blackwell Synergy. How to cite Balance in the Administration of Justice Security, Papers georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-78407026997695369572020-05-06T04:15:00.001-07:002020-05-06T04:15:10.005-07:00Cost And Management Accounting Question: Discuss about the Cost And Management Accounting? Answer: STATEMENT OF COST PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Direct material 480000 432000 454000 Direct Labor 240000 216000 17602.22222 Production overhead Variable 60000 54000 56000 Fixed 105000 94500 104000 Total Costs 885000 796500 631602.2222 iv) Total variances Variance Analysis FIXED OVERHEAD Absorbed Overhead = Actual Output*Standard Rate = 18000*5.25 = 94500 Fixed Overhead Volume Variance = Absorbed Overhead- Budgeted Fixed Overhead = 94500-105000 = -10500 Fixed Overhead Expenditure Variance= Budgeted Fixed Overhead-Actual Fixed Overhead = 105000-104000 = 1000 VARIABLE OVERHEAD Absorbed Variable Overhead- Actual Variable Overhead= (Actual Output* Standard rate)- Actual Variable Overhead = (18000*3)- 56000 = -2000 DIRECT MATERIAL VARIANCES Actual Material Cost = Actual Quantity*Actual Price = 113500*3.9 = 442650 Actual Quantity at Standard Price = Actual Quantity* Standard Price = 113500*4 = 454000 Material Usage Variance = Actual Quantity at Standard Price- Actual Material Cost = 454000-442650 = 11350 Standard Material Cost = Standard Quantity* Standard Price = 12000*4 = 48000 Material Quantity Variance = (Actual Quantity* Standard Price)-(Standard Quantity* Standard Price) = (113500*4)-(120000*4) = -26000 Material Price Variance = (Actual Price- Standard Price)*Actual Quantity = (3.9-4)*113500 = -11350 DIRECT LABOR VARIANCES Labor Cost Variance = ((Standard Cost/Standard Output)* Actual Output)- Total Actual Cost = ((240000/20000)*18000)-442650 = -226650 Labor Rate Variance = Actual Hours( Standard Rate- Actual Rate) = 17800(12-12.53) = -9434 Labor Efficiency Variance = Standard Rate(((Standard Hours/Standard Output)*Actual Output)-Actual Hours) = 12(((20000/20000)*18000)-17800) = 2400 (v) Note 1- Direct Material PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Production Units 20000 18000 18000 Units Purchased 120000 108000 113500 Cost Per unit (Rs.) 4 4 3.9 Usage per unit of production 6 6 6 Total cost (Rs.) 480000 432000 442650 Note 2- Direct Labor PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Production Units 20000 18000 18000 Total Hours Worked 20000 18000 17800 Cost per hour (Rs.) 12 12 12.52808989 Hours per unit 1 1 1 Total Labor Cost (Rs.) 240000 216000 223000 Note 3- Variable Production Overhead PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Production Units (No.) 20000 18000 18000 Cost per unit (Rs.) 3 3 3.111111111 Total Cost Incurred (Rs.) 60000 54000 56000 Note 4- Fixed Production Overhead PARTICLUARS ORIGINAL BUDGET FLEXED BUDGET ACTUAL BUDGET Production Units 20000 18000 18000 Fixed Production Cost per Unit (Rs.) 5.25 5.25 5.777777778 Budgeted Fixed Production Overhead (Rs.) 105000 94500 104000 Working note: Direct Material 24 6kg* 4 per kg direct albour 12 1 hr# 12 per hr variable production overhead 3 budgeted fixed production overhead 105000 budgeted production 20000 units Actual: direct mat purchased and used 113500 kg 442650 Actual production 18000 units of X Direct labour 17800 hours 223000 Variable production overhead incurred 56000 fixed production overhead incurred 104000 (vi) The reason for material and Price Variances are a reduction in the per unit price of the materials purchased, and an increase in the per hour cost of labor. 1) Special selling price decisions Special pricing decision can be referred to be the fixation of a selling price in respect of a product or a service. The customers are charged based on the selling price for the product that is manufactured or the services that is being provided. Special pricing decisions are affected by the internal, as well as external factors (Needles Powers, 2013). Both financial, as well as non-financial issue arise when organization consider the special pricing decision. The financial issue are as follows: Variable cost When the special pricing decision is undertaken, it influences the cost of the product or the service. In this scenario, the cost of the product or the service is influenced. The variable cost is impacted considerably and the company needs to make provision for it (Needles Powers, 2013). It is an important element in pricing of the product and hence, comes under the financial issue. Costs The cost of the product or the service gets impacted. In turn, this leads to influencing the supply. When it comes to lower price, it leads to greater supply of the product. When the special decision-making leads to pricing of product below the cost it can lead to huge wastage of resources. Non-financial issues Customers Managers evaluate the special pricing problem through the vision of the customers. In, case of special pricing decision, there can be two problems. Firstly, if the price is enhanced it may lead to loss of the customer to a rival or the customer can vouch for a product that is less expensive in nature. Therefore, the pricing decision needs to be structured in an important manner otherwise; it may lead to decline in the number of customers. Competitors The reaction of the competitor also influences the pricing decision. The aggressive policy of the competitor forces a business to lower the prices. In this scenario, it becomes difficult to precede with the special selling price decisions. For a business, it is of paramount importance to understand the competitor action. Business cannot operate in isolation. It is therefore important that business must consider the domestic, as well as international competition. Special selling price decision is vastly influenced though this mechanism (Needles Powers, 2013). 2) Product mix decisions when capacity constraints exist. Product mix is an important factor that helps a company to enhance the reach and availability. It helps the company to attain better exposure. However, in case of capacity constraint it becomes difficult for the company to function smoothly. The capacity constraint puts a bar on the resources and therefore, stalls the progress. Both, financial, as well as non-financial issue can be stated in this regard. Financial issues Profit generation Profit generation becomes difficult when the product mix decision is done with the capacity being constraint. In this scenario, it becomes difficult to take a valid decision because there is limited capacity. Hence, profit generation becomes a big issue because the product mix decision will not fetch sufficient result (Horngren, 2011). Therefore, going by the product mix decision the alignment will be missing and hence not an appropriate one. Cost allocation It becomes difficult to allocate the cost of the product or the service when the resources are limited in nature. In this way the product, mix does not get a desired result and the company cannot diversify its products line. Cost allocation comes in the way because of the low level of capacity. This even devoid the company to grab further opportunities. Non-financial issues Devoid of Opportunity The company will not be able to grab the opportunity because under the theme of capacity constraint, the company will not be able to take product mix decisions. This will hamper the progress and will not lead to a strong action. It will become difficult for the company to stretch its line of activities and hence, the progress will be stalled. Growth The growth of the organization will be stalled when the product mix decision is taken under a limited capacity. In this scenario, it will be difficult to take a strong leap because the organization will face a crisis in many segments (Horngren, 2011). Therefore, the product mix decision will not be able provide a strong movement. Allocation of costs based on machine hours was simple and traditional but ABC has replaced the same as it can allocate costs in a more logic way. Firstly, it identifies all activities in an organization and secondly it gets the cost of every activity assigned to the products and services according to their actual consumption. ABC plays a very important role in costing as it helps the accountants to make an estimate of cost elements of entire products and services. In this way, those product or services that fetch very low profit or do not generate better yield can be successfully eliminated, thus increasing and improving the business effectiveness, as well as efficiency (Lanen et. al, 2008). In short, it is a very helpful management decision making tool, which ensures profitability of the business, and thereby increasing competition in the market. Allocation of resources to individual activities is ABB. It establishes relationship between the activities in an organization that incur costs and after that budget is allocated to each activity. There exists a higher refinement in cost planning when ABB is adopted. The main motive behind using this technique is to generate revenue and improve profits of the business and ABB allows the managers to have full knowledge of the processes of the company (Drury, 2011). Therefore, they can enhance the cost structure of the company when they wish to. Whether funds need to be allocated to or part of the business can be known and the management can even shift the allocation of funds from one part to another part of the business for greater emphasis. It means the costs of the activities become much more transparent for the management and the income generating areas are reflected so that better decisions can be taken (Vanderbeck, 2013). Need for budgeting and problem in implementation Without an effective budgeting system, one cannot decide activities to be done in the future. There exists a greater need to establish a clear line of authority in the business organizations for achieving the objectives and goals of the business and this cannot be possible if an effective budgeting system is not adopted. A company will know where to spend and allocate its resources for gaining better control over the business; management will stay focus on their plans and discrepancies if any could be avoided when a proper budgeting system prevails in the organization (Vanderbeck, 2013). A well-defined policy of the business is a pre-requisite for an effective budgeting system because it builds the employee morale and establishes a greater motivation amongst them to work harder. If debt exists in an organization, it is better to establish a budgeting system because it will keep the spending under control and the management will be reminded of the debt that must be paid off first. Thu s, an effective budgeting system must prevail in every company/business so that greater efficiency in all respects can be achieved. Sometimes budgets made prove to be unrealistic because actual spending crosses the authorized amount due to unfavourable conditions that are not under human control like war, natural disasters, famine etc. In addition, there exists corruption in many companies as because the funds allocated in this budget process are diverted by corrupt accountants to private accounts of their bosses or are diverted to some unauthorized purposes. Lack of proper incentives for effective budgeting implementation is also a major issue existing (Vanderbeck, 2013). Moreover, the problems arise because a budgeting system mostly depends on the fiscal conditions of the country, type of budget system adopted, and lack of correct prediction of the political, social, and economic scenario by the management etc. References Drury, C 2011,Cost And Management Accounting, Andover, Hampshire, UK: South-Western Cengage Learning. Horngren, C 2011, Cost accounting, Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Lanen, W. N., Anderson, S Maher, M. W 2008, Fundamentals of cost accounting, NY: Hang Loose press. Needles, Belverd E. Powers, Marian 2013, Principles of Financial Accounting. Financial Vanderbeck, Edward J 2013, Principles of Cost Accounting . Oxford university press georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-13758925042817476132020-05-02T03:17:00.001-07:002020-05-02T03:17:03.495-07:00A Case Study of Implementing IS at BilbioZ â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com Question: Discuss about the Case Study of Implementing IS at BilbioZ. Answer: Introduction: Gantt chart is usually utilized within the project management approach. This technique is one of the most effective ways of representing the activities of the project that is visualized against the time period. On the left of the Gantt chart, the activities are visualized and on the right side and on the left side, the appropriate time schedule is shown (Dayani and Gelbard 2015). The Gantt chart is beneficial to track the project progress against the predefined deadline of the project activities. The Gantt chart is able to visualize the start and finish date of individual activities within the project. This technique can be used for small and complex, both the projects but the use of the tool for different projects is based on the complexity (Baker and Trietsch 2013). Taken as an example, for simple project, the spreadsheet can be used but for complex and big projects project management software is the suitable choice. The Gantt chart is able to provide clarity regarding the tasks of the project. This is possible because the chart holds the activities of the project as well as time within the same document. The stakeholders are able to recognize which part of the project is in progress and the resources allocated to it. Various project management software is able to represent the recourses that are associated with the task (Schwalbe 2015). The Gantt chart is also serves as an internal motivation to the project team members. The chart allows the team members of the project to concentrate on the project activities more as it allows tracking the tasks. The selected organization is specialist in selling the collectible and rare books. These books are collected from the different market places from the whole world. The organization was created in 2000 (Biblio.com, 2017). The organization is currently managing the internal tasks manually. Maintain the business operations is very critical for the organization staff. Because of the existing manual operations, the error in the business operation is very high. BiblioZ is currently considering implementing an information system within the organization in order to making the business processes automatic. The system will be implemented through the SDLC approach. A project manager will be employed for managing tasks. The project manager will be responsible for creating the Gantt chart of the project. The project manager will provide the Gantt chart to the stakeholders of the project. Gantt Chart of Information System Implementation at BiblioZ: The Gantt chart of the information system implementation at BiblioZ has been presented in the table 1. The Gantt chart consists of activities, time frame (starting and ending time of the project activities), and predecessor of each activity, resource name and cost of the project. WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Resource Names Cost 0 Information System Implementation at BiblioZ 148 days Mon 9/4/17 Wed 3/28/18 $107,400.00 1 Project Planning 53 days Mon 9/4/17 Wed 11/15/17 $24,600.00 1.1 Project Charter Creating 2 days Sat 9/9/17 Tue 9/12/17 Project manager $1,200.00 1.2 Defining Scope of the Project 2 days Sat 9/9/17 Tue 9/12/17 2 Project manager $1,200.00 1.3 Identifying the Potential Team Members 2 days Sat 9/9/17 Tue 9/12/17 3 Project manager, Administration officer $1,920.00 1.4 Defining Responsibility and Role 2 days Sat 9/9/17 Tue 9/12/17 4 Administration officer, Project manager $1,920.00 1.5 Scheduling Kickoff Meeting 2 days Sun 9/10/17 Tue 9/12/17 5 Administration officer $720.00 1.6 Distributing Project Plan 3 days Mon 9/11/17 Wed 9/13/17 5 Administration officer $1,080.00 1.7 Signing Contract with the Third Party System Vendor 1 day Mon 9/11/17 Mon 9/11/17 4,5 Administration officer $360.00 1.8 Generating Baseline of Scope 3 days Tue 9/12/17 Thu 9/14/17 8 Project manager $1,800.00 1.9 Generating Cost Baseline and Schedule 3 days Tue 9/12/17 Thu 9/14/17 9 Project manager $1,800.00 1.10 Recognition of Risks Associated with Project 4 days Mon 9/4/17 Thu 9/7/17 10 Project manager $2,400.00 1.11 Development of Strategies regarding Risk Management 5 days Fri 10/13/17 Tue 10/24/17 11 Project manager $3,000.00 1.12 Development of Time Management Approach 3 days Tue 10/31/17 Thu 11/2/17 12 Project manager $1,800.00 1.13 Development Resource Management Approach 2 days Fri 11/3/17 Mon 11/6/17 13 Project manager $1,200.00 1.14 Project Schedule Development 2 days Tue 11/7/17 Wed 11/8/17 14 Project manager $1,200.00 1.15 Project Budget Estimation 5 days Thu 11/9/17 Wed 11/15/17 15 Project manager $3,000.00 1.16 Completion of Project Plan 0 days Sat 9/9/17 Sat 9/9/17 $0.00 2 Requirement Analysis 28 days Mon 9/4/17 Wed 10/11/17 $17,160.00 2.1 Recognition of fact Finding Techniques 2 days Fri 9/15/17 Mon 9/18/17 17 Business analyst $880.00 2.2 Collecting Information through fact Finding Approach 10 days Mon 9/18/17 Fri 9/29/17 19 Business analyst $4,400.00 2.3 Analyzing the Gathered Data 3 days Wed 9/20/17 Fri 9/22/17 20 Programmer $1,080.00 2.4 Recognizing the Requirements of the System 8 days Mon 9/4/17 Wed 9/27/17 21 Programmer, Project manager $7,680.00 2.5 Investigating the System Requirements 4 days Wed 10/4/17 Mon 10/9/17 22 Project manager $2,400.00 2.6 Documenting the System Requirements 2 days Tue 10/10/17 Wed 10/11/17 23 Administration officer $720.00 2.7 Completion of Requirement Analysis 0 days Wed 10/11/17 Wed 10/11/17 24 $0.00 3 Designing Phase 33 days Thu 10/12/17 Mon 11/27/17 $17,880.00 3.1 Getting the Requirements of the System 1 day Thu 10/12/17 Thu 10/12/17 25 Administration officer $360.00 3.2 System Requirement Investigation 8 days Thu 10/26/17 Mon 11/6/17 27 Project manager $4,800.00 3.3 Generating the Functions of the System 9 days Fri 10/13/17 Wed 10/25/17 25,27 Programmer $3,240.00 3.4 System Unit Designing 7 days Thu 10/26/17 Fri 11/3/17 29 Programmer $2,520.00 3.5 Designing UI or User Interface 5 days Mon 11/6/17 Fri 11/10/17 30 Graphical user interface developer $1,400.00 3.6 Architecture of the System 6 days Mon 11/13/17 Mon 11/20/17 31 Programmer $2,160.00 3.7 Database Design 4 days Tue 11/21/17 Fri 11/24/17 32 Database developer $1,600.00 3.8 Network Design 5 days Tue 11/21/17 Mon 11/27/17 31,32 Programmer $1,800.00 3.9 Completion of Design Phase 0 days Mon 11/27/17 Mon 11/27/17 34 $0.00 4 Development Phase 87 days Tue 11/28/17 Wed 3/28/18 $44,960.00 4.1 Starts Creating the Program 25 days Tue 11/28/17 Mon 1/1/18 35 Programmer $9,000.00 4.2 Development of System 25 days Tue 1/2/18 Mon 2/5/18 35,37 Graphical user interface developer, Programmer $16,000.00 4.3 Creating the Database 15 days Tue 2/6/18 Mon 2/26/18 38 Database developer $6,000.00 4.4 Implementation System Network 17 days Wed 2/28/18 Wed 3/28/18 39 Programmer $6,120.00 4.5 Developing User Interface 12 days Tue 2/6/18 Wed 2/21/18 37 Graphical user interface developer $3,360.00 4.6 Establishing Connection between System and Database 7 days Thu 2/22/18 Fri 3/2/18 41 Database developer, Programmer $3,040.00 4.7 Establishing Connection between System and Website 3 days Mon 3/5/18 Wed 3/7/18 42 $0.00 4.8 Establishing Connection between System and Network 4 days Mon 3/5/18 Thu 3/8/18 42 Programmer $1,440.00 4.9 Completion of Development Phase 0 days Thu 3/8/18 Thu 3/8/18 44 $0.00 5 Testing Phase 6 days Fri 3/9/18 Fri 3/16/18 $2,400.00 5.1 Design/Requirements Review 1 day Fri 3/9/18 Fri 3/9/18 45 Tester $400.00 5.2 Test Planning 1 day Mon 3/12/18 Mon 3/12/18 47 Tester $400.00 5.3 Test Design 1 day Tue 3/13/18 Tue 3/13/18 48 Tester $400.00 5.4 Test Environment Setup 1 day Wed 3/14/18 Wed 3/14/18 49 Tester $400.00 5.5 Test Execution 1 day Thu 3/15/18 Thu 3/15/18 50 Tester $400.00 5.6 Test Reporting 1 day Fri 3/16/18 Fri 3/16/18 51 Tester $400.00 5.7 Testing Phase Complete 0 days Fri 3/16/18 Fri 3/16/18 52 $0.00 6 Deployment Phase 1 day Mon 3/19/18 Mon 3/19/18 $400.00 6.1 Deploying System in Bilblio Environment 1 day Mon 3/19/18 Mon 3/19/18 53 Tester $400.00 6.2 Deployment Complete 0 days Mon 3/19/18 Mon 3/19/18 55 $0.00 Table 1: Schedule of the Proposed Project (Source: Created by Author) The project schedule of the proposed project management visualizes five phases. This phases are also consisting of different sub-tasks. The chart shows the time frame for each of the tasks including the phases. The predecessor implies the task after which the project task will be carried out. This schedule will be provided to all of the project team members so that all the members can identify its job related data accurately. Within the Gantt chart, the resources (only the human resources) has been considered. Some of the tasks are carried out by single member and some are done collaboratively. The project is consisting of more than 50 activities. Conclusion: From the above study it can be concluded that the Gantt chart is a very special technique of making the project schedule. As it can be seen the project is a very lengthy project. For this reason the project management software has been used for developing the system instead of spread sheet. The project management software allowed to auto calculate the timing of the project based on the task duration and predecessor. Project schedule will serve as a great source of managing the project tasks for the Bilbio Information System project. A lot of a supervisor's workday is spent putting out flames. There appear to be such a large number of crises that you and no one but you can react to. Bunch's notable time administration grid shows the four classifications of time consumption, including that notorious "fire" classification. As the human resources required for the project has been bee represented through the chart, the project manager now can concentrate on the project core activities wit hout having any second thoughts about the resource allocation. In the field of time administration, lumping enables you to arrange your undertakings such that you deal with comparable exercises at a specific time. Bibliography: Baker, K.R. and Trietsch, D., 2013. Principles of sequencing and scheduling. John Wiley Sons. Biblio.com. (2017). Biblio.com | Used Books and Rare Books from Antiquarian Booksellers. [online] Available at: https://www.biblio.com/ [Accessed 9 Sep. 2017]. Browning, T.R., 2014. Managing complex project process models with a process architecture framework. International Journal of Project Management, 32(2), pp.229-241. Dayani, M. and Gelbard, R., 2015. Automatic Conversion of Software Specification into a Gantt-chart subject to Organization's Constraints. Procedia Computer Science, 64, pp.73-78. Fleming, Q.W. and Koppelman, J.M., 2016. Earned value project management. Project Management Institute. Golini, R., Kalchschmidt, M. and Landoni, P., 2015. Adoption of project management practices: the impact on international development projects of non-governmental organizations. International Journal of Project Management, 33(3), pp.650-663. Heizer, J., 2016. Operations Management, 11/e. Pearson Education India. Kerzner, H., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Landry, J.P. and McDaniel, R., 2015. Agile Preparation Within a Traditional Project Management Course. In Proceedings of the EDSIG Conference (p. n3429). Riol, H. and Thuillier, D., 2015. Project management for academic research projects: balancing structure and flexibility. International Journal of Project Organisation and Management, 7(3), pp.251-269. Schillemans, K. and Robinson, L., 2015. Team and project management skills. OPTIMAX 2015, p.15. Schwalbe, K., 2015. Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-25678005115690979652020-03-22T06:58:00.001-07:002020-03-22T06:58:03.141-07:00Reload free essay sample The long-awaited sequel to Metallicas sixth full-length album, Load, has finally hit the shelves and in my opinion, is much better than its predecessor. Reload is not a completely new album, nor is it a bunch of remixes or cover songs. The songs on Load and Reload were to be released as a double CD set, but when the first half of the songs were complete (Load), the band was asked to go on tour with the popular Lolapalooza music festival, so the rest of the songs had to wait. The band makes it clear that these thirteen songs are not leftovers and I agree completely. The CD is packed to the brim with 76 minutes of everything from hard-core metal to slow rock,(which surprises me since a CD can only physically hold 74 minutes of digitally recorded music). The first track, Fuel, arguably one of the best, opens with the line Give me fuel, give me fire, give me that which I desire, a surprising use of proper English. We will write a custom essay sample on Reload or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At this point, the instruments all come in with a bang, going straight into fast-paced, hard-core metal. The song will surely be a hit, and will be released as a single. The next track, the first single off the album, is called The Memory Remains. This is somewhat slower and softer, but equally as good. This is a unique Metallica song in that it contains a guest vocalist, Marianne Faithful, performing two solos. Personally, I would have preferred a guitar solo in place of the vocals, but on a positive note, the solos add a new twist to Metallicas ever-changing style. The fourth track, like on most Metallica CDs is my personal favorite. I dont know why, but on almost every CD, they save the fourth track for the best, perhaps so you have to listen to the first three to get to it. Called The Unforgiven II, it is a sequel to The Unforgiven from the bands self-titled release. In my opinion, it lives up to, if not surpasses, its predecessor. It starts off with the same long guitar note, but then goes into a heavy solo. It contains some similar lyrics, although it is completely different. Toward the end, you can hear the main guitar riff from the original in the background, and if you listen carefully, you can hear I dub thee Unforgiven. At first, I thought making a sequel would ruin it, but was proven wrong. The rest of the CD is quite good, but the first four tracks are simply outstanding, of the quality to be listened to over and over again. This CD is another step in the evolution of Metallica, which started out as a small, cult band, scarcely followed and rarely taken seriously. Their music went from pure, hard-core heavy metal (the first of its kind) through a metamorphosis into musically creative art. You can see how the band has matured musically and will probably continue to do so, taking the music industry with it. . georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-60913526747537212422020-03-05T21:22:00.001-08:002020-03-05T21:22:02.831-08:00Water Properties and Facts You Should KnowWater Properties and Facts You Should Know Water is the most abundant molecule on the Earths surface and one of the most important molecules to study in chemistry. The facts of water chemistry reveal why this is such an incredible molecule. What Is Water? Water is a chemical compound. Each molecule of water, H2O or HOH, consists of two atoms of hydrogen bonded to one atom of oxygen. Properties of Water There are several important properties of water that distinguish it from other molecules and make it the key compound for life: Cohesion is a key property of water. Because of the polarity of the molecules, water molecules are attracted to each other. Hydrogen bonds form between neighboring molecules. Because of its cohesiveness, water remains a liquid at normal temperatures rather than vaporizing into a gas. Cohesiveness also leads to high surface tension. An example of the surface tension is seen by beading of water on surfaces and by the ability of insects to walk on liquid water without sinking.Adhesion is another property of water. Adhesiveness is a measure of waters ability to attract other types of molecules. Water is adhesive to molecules capable of forming hydrogen bonds with it.à Adhesion and cohesion lead to capillary action, which is seen when the water rises up a narrow glass tube or within the stems of plants.The high specific heat and high heat of vaporization mean a lot of energy is needed to break hydrogen bonds between water molecules. Because of this, water resists extreme temperature cha nges. This is important for weather and also for species survival. The high heat of vaporization means evaporating water has a significant cooling effect. Many animals use perspiration to keep cool, taking advantage of this effect. Water is a polar molecule. Each molecule is bent, with the negatively charged oxygen on one side and the pair of positive-charged hydrogen molecules on the other side of the molecule.Water is the only common compound that exists in solid, liquid, and gas phase under ordinary, natural conditions.Water is amphoteric, which means it can act as both an acid and a base. Self-ionization of water produces H and OH- ions.Ice is less dense than liquid water. For most materials, the solid phase is denser than the liquid phase. Hydrogen bonds between water molecules are responsible for the lower density of ice. An important consequence is that lakes and rivers freeze from the top down, with ice floating on water.Pure liquid water at room temperature is odorless, tasteless, and nearly colorless. Water has a faint blue color, which becomes more apparent in large volumes of water.Water has the second highest specific enthalpy of fusion of all substances (after ammonia). The specific enthalpy of fu sion of water is 333.55 kJà ·kgâËâ1 at 0 à °C. Water has the second highest specific heat capacity of all known substances. Ammonia has the highest specific heat. Water also has a high heat of vaporization (40.65 kJà ·molâËâ1). The high specific heat and heat of vaporization result from the high degree of hydrogen bonding between water molecules. One consequence of this is that water is not subject to rapid temperature fluctuations. On Earth, this helps to prevent dramatic climate changes.Water may be called the universal solvent because it is able to dissolve many different substances. Interesting Water Facts Other names for water are dihydrogen monoxide, oxidane, hydroxylic acid, and hydrogen hydroxide.The molecular formula of water is H2OMolar mass: 18.01528(33) g/molDensity: 1000 kg/m3, liquid (4 à °C) or 917 kg/m3, solidMelting point: 0 à °C, 32 à °F (273.15 K)Boiling point: 100 à °C, 212 à °F (373.15 K)Acidity (pKa): 15.74Basicity (pKb): 15.74Refractive index: (nD) 1.3330Viscosity: 0.001 Pa s at 20 à °CCrystal structure: hexagonalMolecular shape: bent georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-82297382552620004442020-02-18T12:48:00.001-08:002020-02-18T12:48:03.209-08:00Analyze the political legacy of John A. Macdonald EssayAnalyze the political legacy of John A. Macdonald - Essay Example During this time, radical changes occurred in the country. Among these changes was the process of Confederation, or the act of bringing together all of the individual territories under the dominion of one common government. Aside from these political accomplishments, Canadians also remember Macdonald for his personal impacts in the economy and culture of 19th century Canada. He was, in fact, a prominent landowner, lawyer, and business during that time. However, like any of the greatest politicians in modern history, Macdonald is not remembered solely for his contributions to the political accomplishments of his country, but for the cultural impact he made on the citizens and future generations who inherit that legacy. In leiu of this legacy, John A. Macdonald has been called a ââ¬Å"pragmatic statesmanâ⬠, and he earned the title of Old Chieftain (CBC). Macdonald is popularly known for these nicknames and, more importantly, for uniting the nation with his central vision and the construction of the world's longest railway. Despite personal hurdles, albeit with the help of alcohol, he laid the foundation for modern Canada. This is why some have labeled him the ââ¬Å"Architect of Modern Canadaâ⬠(CBC). ... Johnââ¬â¢s father, Hugh, unsuccessfully managed a store in the new country, causing even more difficulty within the family. Meanwhile, John was an excellent student and attended a rather prestigious school in Kingston. At the age of 15, nearly 10 years after arriving in Canada, John completed his formal education. At this age, his family expected him to stay home to work for the common success of the family. John did not object to coming home to help the family. Nevertheless, Not attending the university limited Macdonaldââ¬â¢s ability to pursue certain kinds of careers outside of the home, such as the practice of writing (Pope). The family, however, decided that Macdonaldââ¬â¢s future was best served by a university education. They decided that becoming a lawyer was the best option (Carloneil). Hugh Macdonald had noted how much his son was not interested in following in his footsteps, and he recognized that, because of his own failing business ventures, he needed his son fo r financial support. As a result, Macdonald was forced from a very young age to start earning money (Pope 6). After completing his law education, Macdonald earned certification by the Law Society of Upper Canada and took an apprenticeship under a fellow Scottish lawyer. Macdonald managed the law office from time to time and, after his teacherââ¬â¢s death in 1834, he returned to Kingston in 1835 to practice his own law (Carloneil). During his time as a young lawyer, Macdonald was able to financially support his family and to make connections that would remain with him for the rest of his political life. He sought out publicity by joining organizations within the town, taking high-profile georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-618299510821116782020-02-03T20:43:00.001-08:002020-02-03T20:43:03.960-08:00Company profile and initial analysis of a given case study Research PaperCompany profile and initial analysis of a given case study - Research Paper Example The basic motto of the organization is to expose the struggles and war damages or impacts, occurring down the ages. The company primarily tries to integrate the consequences created by modern wars and ââ¬Ëwartime experienceââ¬â¢ within the displays of its museums. However, the company focuses primarily on the cars of Britain. The five museums of the company are IWM London, Greater Manchester, IWM North in Trafford, the Churchill War Rooms in Whitehall, IWM Duxford near Cambridge and the ship of Belfast that is fastened in the Pool of London in the Thames River. The companyââ¬â¢s mission claims that ââ¬Å"Our vision is to be a leader in developing and communicating a deeper understanding of the causes, course and consequences of warâ⬠(IWM, 2013a) It is found that though, presently, there are no living survivors of First World War in U.K., yet the war has managed to leave a strong impression on the culture and heritage of the country. It is found that in most of the U.K . communities, building monuments or memorials are practiced widely in order to pay respect and remember the great lives which have been sacrificed during the World Wars. An artistic view on wars surfaced right after personalities like, Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen, had started to write poems on wars. At this juncture, IWM had analyzed that the centenary of the First World War can turn out to be a promising opportunity for its business growth and help the business by augmenting reputation, profile and brand value in the market as well as its market position. The company has undertaken the decision of opening new First World War galleries in its IWM London museum. However, this project, which is expected to be accomplished by 2014, requires a lot of funding. Approximately ?35 million has already been accumulated by the company from donations and Heritage Lottery Grant. In addition, about ?5 million has been granted by the Prime Minister, David Cameron, in 2012 to the company for fi nancing this project (IWM, 2013b). However, the company requires more funds for backing the project. It has introduced the First World War Centenary Partnership Programme in order to acquire pre-digital asset collections and historical information. Through this partnership programme, the company desires to attract millions of users and donators across the world towards its project. It is believed by them that such a project would surely augment its brand value in the market compared to its competitors. Competitor Analysis The organization of Stoke-on-Trent Museums serves a strong competition to other museum owners in the market. The Potteries Museum & Art Gallery is an organization that owns the leading museum in Britain. The combination of place and products are expressed in the museum of the company through its exquisite displays. The quests of the museum, unlike the museums of IWM, are not charged. The museum has achieved several awards and accolades from millions of pottery and art lovers in the country. Individuals in U.K. and across the world visit this museum to explore the brilliantly displayed history of potteries in this museum. The exhibitions of the museum change almost regularly and thus, the visitors have a new experience, every time that they visit. There is cafe in the museum premises where visitors can buy refreshments and the managers georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-28576889949210788392020-01-26T17:07:00.001-08:002020-01-26T17:07:05.250-08:00Feeling Of Imprisonment For Sonnys Blues Characters Film Studies EssayFeeling Of Imprisonment For Sonnys Blues Characters Film Studies Essay The story of the Sonnys Blues opens when the narrator through the newspaper gets to know that sonny who is his younger brother had been arrested for heroin dealings. The narrator of the story takes a subway to his job of high school teaching. At the end of every school day, the laughter and of his students reminds him that, during their youth, Sonny and him had been were filled with rage and knew two darknesses. One of the concerned their lives while the other darkness concerned moves that were making them forgets their lives for a moment. When the narrator was coming from school, he met Sonnys old friend in the school yard. When the two were talking about Sonnys arrest, they end up telling some of their fears. When they were in front of a bar that played black and bouncy kind of music, unnamed friend said, Cant much help old Sonny no more(Baldwin, 1957). Just because of this statement, the narrator gets angry due to the fact that, even he himself had given up in the trials of saving his own brother Sonny. This was based on the fact that, he had not seen Sonny for a period of about a year. The narrator gets angered more because, his views and opinions about assisting his own brother are shared with some one who has no blood relation to Sonny. The friend continues stating that, he thought Sonny was too smart to get caught in a drug bust, (Baldwin, 1957). The narrator then sarcastically criticizes the friend, in a manner that shows that the friend seemed to be much smarter because he has not been arrested. After a while, the friend answers that, according to him, she would have killed himself long time ago if he was smarter. This was because, according to him, compared to addiction, death I the best. The friend then turns to the story of how he has responsible turning Sonny onto drugs. This essay looks at Sonnys Blues, and focuses on specific passages in that text, and explains how and why they create a feeling of imprisonment for the character(s). The characters in Sonnys Blues are mostly in circumstances that shows that they are trapped both physically as well as mentally. In the whole of the story, first and foremost, the narrator who happens to be Sonnys elder brother and Sonny are arrested emotionally. This is based on the fact that, they are ever dealing with the ways that will make them free from one chain or the other. On the other hand, Sonny had been physically imprisoned in jail, apart from being imprisoned physically by drug addiction. In addition to these points, the narrator himself has been confined to Harlem, and to be more specifically, to the projects that were dealing with housing, though he clearly detests. Another instance is that, the narrator has also been trapped by his own conscience. This is shown particularly in his actions and practices. To be more specific, he is not able to express his own minds or emotions. In Addition, he is not in a position to live up to his responsibilities as a brother; however, the death of his daughter freed him from this bondage by giving him a sense that motivates him to realize that he is supposed to change, (Baldwin, 1957). The narrator in the story and Sonny in exactly opposite ways, are imprisoned and free at the same time. By the time Sonny was in Prison for example, he was physically locked up. But by looking on the other side of the coin however, one can realize that, other than being the young one, he had the capability of doing what his elder brother has never had such capabilities of doing. Some of his marvelous deeds were; he escaped from Harlem, and went a head creating his own life. But on the other side of the coin, also the narrator is free physically; this is based on the fact that, he was not in jail as compared to his young brother Sonny. Apart from that, unlike Sonny and other young men in their society, the narrator is also free as he has not been addicted to drugs. All the same he is trapped inside Harlem along with its projects that deal with housing. Being a person who can be termed as a musician, Sonny has the capability of expressing his frustrations and rage that has been used as a driver in part of his imprisonment through music. By the time he is playing the piano, he gains the capability of breaking loose, which helps him to live as any other free person. The narrator of the story, on the other hand, lives his life that is trapped inside him himself. This is based on the fact that, he is always faced with a very difficult time when communicating with his brother Sonny, and even ends up fail in doing so, he lacks the capabilities of holding his own emotions that emanate as a result of their communication. However, in the end, ends up being freed temporarily as an effect off Sonnys Music, this is based on the fact that, Sonnys music has the ability to offer him with a very rare glimpse to himself. Both the narrator and Sonny the major characters in the story of Sonnys Blues are imprisoned in darkness. This is because, in their lives, light and darkness are in constant tension in the entire story of Sonnys Blues. As a matter of fact, the characters are threatened by constant opposition of light and darkness. Darkness represents a list of both social and personal problems. It is true that the figures in the story are imprisoned by darkness. Sonny is faced with addiction problem, which can be considered as a personal problem, while the narrator is faced with the problems of housing projects. Apart from characters, the story itself seems to be narrated in a setting that has been imprisoned. This is based on the reason that, the actions of the story seem to happen before the civil rights movements were gained. The setting is imprisoned in dark days that were filled with a lot of segregation and separate. However, the setting was free from equal accommodations in most public institutions. For instances, it is noticed that, the narrator and his brother Sonny grew up in a predominantly poor and black neighborhood of Harlem the sons of a working-class, embittered father whose pride and optimism have been worn down by his own brothers violent death at the hands of rural Southern whites and the ensuing years of struggling to support a family in an overtly racist Northern urban community (Baldwin, 1957).The setting is imprisoned with lots of insecurity. This is because; everyone was subjected to violence and drug addiction, segregation as well as discrimination. Inclusion, imprisonment as a theme in the story of Sonys Blues, is brought up with the aim of gloom, despair, hope and warmth that the lives of characters in the story undergoes. Being free from imprisonment shows all hopeful and positive that are just part of life. It represents moral life in the society. On the other hand, imprisonment shows despair and gloomy life that main figures in the story undergoes through. The two have been used to symbolize that, at times, life is too hard and enjoyable, while there are times when it is opposite. So as a matter of fact, the identification of imprisonment situations, was based on situations that characters have found themselves in, but the situation is of despair, and there is no way of getting out of it, there is no or little control over it. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-71170081903257450292020-01-18T13:31:00.001-08:002020-01-18T13:31:05.553-08:00Academic Reading and WritingCENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING Learning Unit 2: READING SKILLS By the end of this session, you should be able to: identify what the writer has stated literally (read the lines) infer what the writer has stated (read between the lines) apply ideas within the text to what you already know (read beyond the lines) A. Reading Academic Texts Academic texts are relatively formal in structure and style. They might be textbooks or just straightforward texts.To increase the amount of information that you can extract from a single reading of a section, chapter or article in an academic text, you need to use efficient academic reading strategies. Some of the skills which are essential in academic reading are skimming and scanning for specific information or details, making inferences based on what is stated and applying ideas with the text to what you already know. B. Identifying Specific Information To identify specific information, you should begin b y scanning the topic sentences (i. e. he sentence which makes the point of the paragraph and which is usually the first sentence of the paragraph). Locating the topic sentence helps you to stay focus on finding the needed information. Task 1 Read the following passage and provide the most appropriate answers for the corresponding questions. Social Influence 1 Of the many influences on human behaviour, social influences are the most constant. When we hear the term social influence, most of us think of attempts of someone to persuade us to change our actions or opinions. The television usually comes to mind.However, the major influence on people is peopleââ¬â¢s presence. Many of the most important forms of social influence are unintentional and the effects we humans have on one another occur due to the fact that we are in each otherââ¬â¢s physical presence. In 1898, a psychologist named Triplett made an interesting study. In checking the speed records of bicycle racers, he notic ed that better speed records were obtained when cyclists raced against each other than when they raced against the clock. This observation led Triplett to perform another experiment. He asked children to turn a wheel as fast as possible for a certain period of time.Sometimes two children worked at the same time in the same room, each with his wheel; at other times, they worked alone. The results confirmed his theory that children worked faster in co-action, which is when another child doing the same thing was present. Therefore, the experiments proved that humans perform significantly better with the presence of another person when doing a task. 2 ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 48 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING 3 Soon after Triplettââ¬â¢s experiments, it was discovered that the presence of a passive spectator was enough to improve oneââ¬â¢s performance.This was discovered in an experiment on muscular effort by Meumann in 1910, who found that subjects lifted a weight faster whenever the psychologist was in the room. Later experiments have confirmed this audience effect that provides several contributions to humans. Firstly, it helps to motivate a person to perform better. Secondly, it drives a person to break the psychological barrier. This is apparent in sport competitions in which crowds have a great effect on athletesââ¬â¢ performance, and it is normally referred to as home-ground advantage. For example, footballers tend to win more matches hen playing in front of their own fans. It appears that co-action and audience effects in humans are caused by the individualââ¬â¢s cognitive concerns about competition and the evaluation of performance that others will make. We learn as we grow up that others praise or criticize, reward or punish our performances, and this raises our drive level when we perform in front of others. Thus, even the early studies of co-action found that if all elements of competition are removed, co-action effects are reduced or eliminated. Similarly, audience effects are a function of a personââ¬â¢s interpretation of how much he is being evaluated. adapted from Simon, 2010) 4 1. Based on the information provided in paragraph 1, what is the main influence in changing a personââ¬â¢s behaviour and views? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. What does the underlined phrase ââ¬Å"comes to mindâ⬠in paragraph 1 mean? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 3. According to the passage, what was the result of Triplettââ¬â¢s two co-action experiments in 1898? ___________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Briefly explain TWO (2) reasons that caused the existence of co-action and audience effects in humans. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 49 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING C. Making Inferences Writers often tell you more than they say directly. They give you hints or clues that help you ââ¬Å"read between the linesâ⬠.Using these clues to give you a deeper understanding of your reading is called inferring. When you infer, you go beyond the surface details to see other meanings that the details suggest or imply (not stated). Task 2 Warming-Up: Try to infer the possible message of the following cartoons. Discuss the messages with your peers and explain why your message is acceptable. Possible message: ______________________________ ______________________________ Possible message: ______________________________ ______________________________ ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READ ING-SKILLS 50 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMASPBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING Task 3 Making Inferences: Read the short excerpts taken from several academic articles and answer the questions given. Excerpt 1 During the recession of the mid-1980s, there was an increase in graduate unemployment in Malaysia. With the recovery of the economy towards the end of the 1980s, graduate unemployment was slightly reduced thanks to governmentââ¬â¢s effort to create more jobs. However, graduate unemployment that existed during the 1998 currency crisis still persists until today as many companies were forced to merge and lay off workers.It has been reported that the number of unemployed graduates had increased from 45,000 in 2000 to 85,000 in 2005 (Sim, 2006). What is the main cause of the increasing rate of graduate unemployment in Malaysia? A. Limited job opportunities due to economic instability. B. Currency crisis in 1998 reduced salary of many jobs. C. Lack of efforts by the gover nment to improve the economy. D. The impact of the global economic recession in the mid-1980s. Excerpt 2 Students are required to take English exam as a compulsory requirement for entrance to public university.MUET (Malaysian undergraduate English Test) result for new entry student for the 2007/8 intake at one public university which can be considered as a typical sample for other public universities indicated that most students scored below the satisfactory level in English competency. From the population of 2916 new studentsââ¬â¢ intake at this public university, about 72. 7% has a score of Bands 1, 2 and 3. This is because all they need is to get the MUET certificate regardless of their Bands (Mohini, 2008). Why did many students still score below the satisfactory level though MUET is a compulsory entrance requirement?A. Students lack initiatives to improve their English. B. English is often taken for granted since it is accepted as unimportant. C. Majority of the programmes a t university does not have a minimum Band requirement. D. A high MUET band is not a necessity for university entrance. Excerpt 3 It is all too apparent in this study that many students, often very good students, suffer needlessly when doing group assignments. While some academics might claim that it is good to let students face problems arising from group work, it is pointless having them to face problems that they will not see in the workplace.Simply making students do assignments together is not preparing them for team work in industry. It is not simulating ââ¬Å"real life in industryâ⬠. It causes stress to many students and gives them grades they do not deserve, especially when the better ones are penalized for the lack of efforts by others (Ford & Maurice, 2011). Why do good students suffer from doing group assignments? A. Group assignments reduce lecturersââ¬â¢ marking load. B. Group assignments do not relate to their future work life. C. Group assignmentsââ¬â¢ grad es do not reflect their actual ability.D. Group assignments help them manage problems when working together. ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 51 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING D. Reading Practice Task 3 Read the passage below and choose the best answers (A, B, C or D) for the questions that follow Break Your Bad Habits By Amy Novotney As an undergraduate student, you probably got A's despite less-than-ideal study habits: reading in front of the television, staying up all night cramming, checking e-mail every 10 minutes while working on a paper.These behaviors may have cut it in college, but graduate school calls for a better set of strategies, says University of Virginia psychology professor Daniel Willingham, PhD. According to psychology faculty and other experts, here are the top five habits that hold graduate students back: 1. Highlighting. Dog-earing pages and highlighting journal article passages are popular but worthless exercises wh en it comes to helping you remember information later on, Willingham says. That's because they don't require students to engage with the material.Instead, he suggests students find a more active strategy that forces them to think about the meaning of what they're reading. This might be something as simple as taking notes on important points, outlining how journal articles fit together or spending a moment after reading a paragraph to reflect on how it fits into a piece's bigger picture. In a study by Pintrich and De Groot (1990), students who asked themselves ââ¬Å"why? â⬠at the end of each sentence while reading a factual passage about a university were significantly more likely to remember important points than students who were simply told to read the passage and remember it. . Cramming for exams. When you pull an all-nighter, your memories of the concepts youââ¬â¢re studying becomes associated with a particular time and environment, making them harder to retrieve, says Willingham. That's bad news for crammers, as most tests aren't handed out at 2 a. m. There are several reasons why distributing your studying throughout the semester is more long-lasting. One is that your brain doesn't make that association because the knowledge is cued and retrieved at many different points over time.Willingham's claims are backed up by Webb and Sheeranââ¬â¢s (2006) meta-analysis of 317 experiments examining the spacing of student study periods. The authors found that when participants studied at two different points in time, they recalled a greater percentage of the material than when the same amount of study time was nearly uninterrupted. 5 10 15 20 25 30 ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 52 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING 3. Unhealthy eating. With both time and money in short supply, graduate students often skip lunch when rushing to class or hit the vending machine for a late-night snack.Yet the high-fat, empty-calo rie foods they often choose don't provide the energy needed to work effectively, and can also take a toll on the brain. A study by Manos (1999) linked memory loss to a diet high in saturated fat and cholesterol. And a 2008 meta-analysis of 160 studies examining food's effect on the brain showed that omega-3 fatty acids, which are found in salmon, walnuts and kiwi fruit, improve learning and memory (Hillman & Erickson, 1999). 4. Multitasking. Many students pride themselves on their ability to attend to several tasks at once, but multitasking undermines efficiency, according to a study by Miller (2006).It takes extra time to shift mental gears every time you switch tasksââ¬âthat means when you sit down to work, close your e-mail program so it doesn't distract you. ââ¬Å"If you ask any graduate student what they do first when they sit down to study, 99 percent say they check their e-mail, and then the next thing you know, an hour has gone by,â⬠Miller says. When you're studyi ng, you may even need to disable your Internet connection and turn off your cell phone, she says. 5. Assuming you remember what you've read.According to a Pickering and Ferreiraââ¬â¢s (2006) meta-analysis of 30 years of research, we aren't very good at assessing how well we understand something. You may feel well-versed in the social psychology theories you learned in class after reading over your notes several times, but familiarity doesn't mean you'll be able to recall the material for a test, Willingham says. To gauge whether you've studied enough, explain the material to someone else or create a test for yourself, he says. ââ¬Å"Quizzing one another is the No. 1 thing I recommend to students,â⬠Willingham says. It's a much more realistic assessment of what you know because it forces you to get inside the professor's head and think about what they are likely to ask about the material. â⬠(adapted from Novotney, 2009) 35 40 45 50 55 60 For Questions 1-5, choose a wor d/phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined word as used in the text. 1. Dog-earing pages â⬠¦ (line 9) A. m a r kin g wit h book m a r ks B. dr a win g pict u r es on pages C. foldin g t h e cor n er s of pa ges D. wr it in g down n ot es on t h e side 2. â⬠¦ making them harder to retrieve (line 24) A. or ga n ise B. pr ocess C. r eca ll D. t im u la t e ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 53 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING 3. â⬠¦ can also take a toll on the brain (line 38) A. ch a r ge B. disast er C. ba d effect D. lou d r in gin g 4. It takes extra time to shift mental gears â⬠¦ (line 45) A. speed up wor k B. slow down t h inkin g C. t h in k a t a n a lyt ica l level D. ch a n ge focu s of concen t r a t ion 5. You may feel well-versed in â⬠¦ (line 54) A. com pet en t B. en t h u siast ic C. h a bit u a l D. r em em ber For Questions 6-15, choose the most appropriate answers based on your reading. . Which of t he following is an ideal study habit for undergraduate students? A. Studying while watching television. B. Studying into the wee hours of the morning. C. Interacting in emails while doing an assignment. D. Searching the internet for information on assignments. 7. Which sentence contains the main idea for the paragraph on highlighting? A. Dog-earing pages and highlighting journal article passages are popular but worthless exercises when it comes to helping you remember information later on, Willingham says B. That's because they don't require students to engage with the material. C.Instead, he suggests students find a more active strategy that forces them to think about the meaning of what they're reading D. This might be something as simple as taking notes on important points, outlining how journal articles fit together or spending a moment after reading a paragraph to reflect on how it fits into a piece's bigger picture. 8. According to the paragraph 2, why are crammers unable to r emember what they studied the night before? A. Memory is better at night but tests are usually not conducted at night. B. People usually lose their concentration if they study in one long sitting. C.What is studied is stored in the memory as a single episode and is not easily recalled. D. The amount of time spent studying in one night is less than that for a whole semester. ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 54 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING 9. Why do students end up with unhealthy eating habits that affect their memory and learning? A. Food stalls are not open at night. B. They are busy and short of money. C. High-fat, empty-calorie food is tasty. D. They have lectures during lunch hour. 10. What food should students avoid if they want to improve their memory and learning?A. Fish. B. Fries. C. Fruits. D. Nuts. 11. What is the main idea for the paragraph on multitasking? A. Multitasking is an ability to be proud of. B. Multitasking is not an efficient way to study. C. Checking email should not be part of multitasking. D. Internet connection is a distractor when multitasking. 12. What is the author not saying in paragraph on multitasking? A. Students should do the less mentally taxing tasks first. B. It is better to finish one task first before starting another. C. Email, internet connection and cell phones are distractive. D. To save time, graduate students should not check their email. 3. Why do students often assume they remember what they have read? A. They are familiar with it. B. They have copied the notes. C. They have attended the lecture. D. They can explain it to someone. 14. According to Willingham, which is the best way to assess how well we understand something? A. See whether we can recall the information in the lecture. B. Find out whether we can do the test given by the lecturer. C. Ask each other questions on the information in the lecture. D. Set a test on the lecture and answer the questions ourselves . 15. Which text? A. B. C. D. f the following less-than-ideal study habits is not an idea found in the Eating at irregular hours. Doing last-minute studying. Reading articles superficially. Doing many things at one time. ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 55 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING Task 4 Read the passage below and choose the best answers (A, B, C or D) for the questions that follow. The Record-breaking Book 1 The biggest house of cards, the longest tongue, and of course, the tallest man: these are among the thousands of records logged in the famous Guinness Book of Records.Created in 1955 after a debate concerning Europe's fastest game bird, what began as a marketing tool sold to pub landlords to promote Guinness, an Irish drink, became one of the bestselling copyright titles of all time. In time, the book have sold 120 million copies in over 100 countries, quite a leap from its humble beginnings. 2 In its early years, the book aims to satisfy man's curiosity about the natural world around him. Its two principal fact finders, twins Norris and Ross McWhirter, travelled the globe to collect facts.It was their task to find and document aspects of life that can be sensed or observed, things that can be quantified or measured. But not just any things. They were only interested in superlatives: the biggest and the best. It was during this period that some of the hallmark Guinness Records were documented, answering such questions as ââ¬Å"What is the brightest star? â⬠and ââ¬Å"What is the biggest spider? â⬠3 Once aware of the public's thirst for such knowledge, the book's authors began to branch out to cover little-known facts. They started documenting human achievements as well.A forerunner for reality television, the Guinness Book gave people a chance to become famous for accomplishing extraordinary and often pointless tasks. Records were set in 1955 for consuming 24 raw eggs in 14 minutes and in 1981 for the fastest solving of a Rubik's Cube (which took a mere 38 seconds). In 1979, a man yodelled non-stop for ten and a quarter hours. 4 In its latest form, the book has found a new home on the internet. No longer restricted to the physical paper, the Guinness World Records website contains seemingly infinite facts concerning such topics as the most powerful combustion engine, or the world's longest train.More and more facts and achievements are added. While there is no denying that each of these facts has its individual attraction, the increasing number of strange achievements represents an important change from the education-oriented facts of earlier editions. It seems Guinness World Records has changed its focus to cater to the audience that wants entertainment more than educational values. 5 Originating as a simple bar book, the Guinness Book of Records has changed over decades to provide insight into the full variety of modern life.Although one may be more likely to learn abo ut the widest human mouth than the highest number of casualties in a Civil War, the Guinness World Records website offers a peek into the future of fact-finding and record-documenting. (adapted from Michael & Timothy, 2012) ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 56 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING 1. What caused the introduction of Guinness Book of Records in 1955? A. The search for bestselling titles. B. The debate by several pub landlords. C. The marketing tool to promote Guinness. D. The arguments on the Europe's fastest game bird.What was the main purpose of Guinness Book of Records in its early years? A. To document various life happenings B. To let the fact finders do the superlatives. C. To fulfil the curiosity within each human being. D. To travel around the world and find unbelievable facts. As used in paragraph 2, which is the best definition for ââ¬Å"principalâ⬠? A. main B. belief C. senior D. original How did the Guinness Book r eality television show give people a chance to become famous? A. By accomplishing a task within a given time. B. By showing off their eating and singing habits. C. By presenting their skills in front of the audience. D.By performing strange and usually pointless tasks. 2. 3. 4. 5. What is the primary benefit of making Guinness World Records available online? A. It is more environmental friendly. B. It helps to save the cost of printing the book. C. The book can be sold to a larger number of readers. D. More facts can be added without the restriction of the paper. According to the author, the major difference between older editions of the Guinness Book of Records and the new Guinness World Records website involves A. a move from fact-finding to the recording of achievements B. a change in focus from educational to entertaining material C. departure from book sales being limited to local pubs and bars D. an end to the use of educational facts as a means to promote Guinness Why does Gu inness World Records include more strange achievements? A. It adds entertainment values to the records. B. It allows more people to achieve the impossible. C. More people were capable of doing weird things. D. The education-oriented facts are very hard to find. 6. 7. ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 57 CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE STUDIES, UNIMAS PBI 1032: ACADEMIC READING AND WRITING 8. As used in paragraph 4, which is the best definition for ââ¬Å"infiniteâ⬠?A. certain B. excellent C. unlimited D. very little Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The reality television show for Guinness Book of Records was a failure. B. The title for the Guinness Book of Records was derived from an Irish bird. C. Norris and Ross McWhirter were the first fact-finders for Guinness Book of Records. D. Changes to Guinness Book of Records are expected in the future since many people dislike reading silly records. What does the author imply by ââ¬Å"Guinness World Records website offers a peek int o the future of fact-finding and record-documentingâ⬠(paragraph 5)?A. Guinness World Records website will continue to be more entertainmentbased. B. Finding facts on various records to fit into the website would be harder in the future. C. The need for Guinness World Records website to be maintained for future generations. D. The Guinness World Records website may not be visited in the future since it has excluded educational facts. 9. 10. IMPORTANT NOTE: In the final exam, the reading section will only include multiple-choice questions (MCQ) ARW-SEM2-2013-LU2-READING-SKILLS 58 georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-90553458148233182962020-01-10T09:55:00.001-08:002020-01-10T09:55:04.307-08:00Coca Cola and Pepsi EssayPepsi Cola and Coca Cola has been in the cola wars for centuries now. They had strategies to stay in the business competitively; both companies did their best to stay up by making contracts with celebrities, making banners and posters, TV commercials. Pepsi Cola and Coca Cola has the same core benefit for their products, which is to quench the thirst of their consumers as well as selling a non-alcoholic soft drink. Core benefit is the fundamental need or want that consumers satisfy by consuming the product or service. The Coca Cola products are constantly produced in a red background with Coca Cola writing. Conversely, Pepsi products are packaged with their blue writing. Brand knowledge is important for the health of the company. The Coca Cola brand was worth $79 billion in the year 2013 in comparison to Pepsi Cola brand, which was only $17 million worth. A consumer from a different country can identify a Coca Cola product, even though itââ¬â¢s in a foreign language and they may s till recognize the product immediately. Coca Cola is much more widely available than Pepsi. Coca Cola creates a sort of convenience for consumers for being widely available thus getting the loyalty of the consumers. There is a higher demand for Coca Cola than Pepsi thus restaurants are more favorable towards Coca Cola. For example, McDonalds is providing Coca Cola, but KFC and Hardees provide Pepsi. Pepsi has always had the younger generation in mind. Their advertising and marketing strategies are fixed to target teens aged 14 or even younger with a fun and most often interlaced with music. This is evident over the years as Pepsi had musical celebrities like Michael Jackson, Britney Spears and now Beyonce. Coca Cola also targets diversifying their audience and taking geographical aspects in high consideration as they target the world filled with different cultures. The ingredients of these products also can be differentiated as Pepsi has slightly more sugar, caffeine and calories while Coca Cola has slightly more sodium. Coca Cola is a much fizzier drink due to its high percentage of carbonation in comparison to Pepsi. In Kazakhstani market Coca Cola is preferred more than Pepsi. As it was already mentioned, everyone can find Coca Cola everywhere, even far from populated cities. Also, Coca Cola is open to present the process of its creation. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2360594259613423384.post-91050037853847307612020-01-02T06:19:00.001-08:002020-01-02T06:19:03.893-08:00Microsoft Analysis - 1396 Words ABSTRACT: This assignment tries to assess the current market status of Microsoft Corporation. As well this assignment will try to assess its current market position as per its business units, functionality, and also its different operations sectors as well its strategies for its rivals. Also this assignment will do financial comparative analysis study and benchmarking with nearest rivals like apple Inc., Google Corporation and Oracle Inc. and will applied to discover key factors for proposed area of developments and further improvements. Here the analysis tools like Porter 8-force analysis, PESTEL-analysis will be applied and the expected outcomes of analysis and benchmarking with nearest rivals will be incorporated in an analysis ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The growth is presented in percentage and the net income as well net revenue is presented in US $BILLION.RAVENUE CHARTINTERPRETATION: This column chart presents net revenue and net income in US$ BILLION and net growth in percentage. A lso the head count of company total employees.(SOURCE MICROSOFT ANNUAL REPORT JULY 2012) | It has total revenue of $ 73.72 billion and the operative income of $ 21.76 billion as well the net income is $16.97 billion and the company has total assets of $121.2 billion. Also it has more than 90000 employees. 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I was waiting outside our departmentââ¬â¢s office room to collect the result of my first UG term final. When I received my grade sheet, I was shocked to see a very poor GPA and found out that my position in the class was 29th out of 32. It tore me apart and I was engulfed by rumors of the impact of a bad result in the future career. On the next day, I shared my unexpected result and depression with one of my favorite teachers, but she congratulated me. I was flummoxed. Then she explained herself by mentioning a quote from Thomas A. Edisonââ¬â¢s life event to invent the electric light bulb-ââ¬Å"I have not failed. I ve just found 10,000 ways that won t workâ⬠. This message inspired me greatly and I promised myself that I will not give up. In the next term, I left no stone unturned to do better in the exam and the result of the second term did not disappoint me. My GPA rose from 3.39 to 3.91 and I stood first in my class of that term. Finally, I ended my UG life being 2nd among all. What I learned from my first term result of UG studies, was more important than only a good result. It was the confidence and belief that ââ¬Å"I canâ⬠. In my childhood, my father was an employee at ââ¬Å"Iram Motors Ltd.â⬠, a distributor of Mercedes-Benz in Bangladesh. I fell in love with various models of cars by going through the attractive magazines of this automobile company brought home by my father. Later in 2002, the company was shut down and my father lost his job. 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The various threats and opportunities will tell the road map to growth as the market already has many players with same type of clothes and accessories. The objectives for development in market growth, profit maximisation and sales volume is discussed. The study will give us an intense understanding of the company and its various aspects. Introduction: Integrated marketing communication is "The coordination of various approaches to achieve the objectives of amarketing campaign with an effective use of various promotional activities that are intended with the aim to coordinate which each other.The integrated marketing communication identifies various strategic roles of different communication paths that reach a combined effort to marketing. It is an activity of applying consistent brand messaging with both non-traditional and traditional marketing channels. The study finds out the goals which points at maximising sales volume, market share, and profit in the market. The situation of the market which is currently prevailing, is also analysed in the study. The factors like distribution, product market, and competition are also analysed. SWOT analysis is taken up in the study to understand the on -going market scene. The market strategies of 4p`s place, price, promotion and people have been discussed elaborately. Levi Strauss is the pr oduct is going to be discussed here. Company Profile: Levi Strauss is an American apparel company well known for its denim wears. Founded in the year 1853, it is divided amongst three divisions. These divisions are situated in Europe, the Middle East and Singapore. 10,500 employees work for the company presently. The strategies of the company involve television advertisements featuring old music records. The brand image of the product is very well in the market. The level of cult customers of the products is too high. The product is very popular amongst that segment of the market, which believes in fashion and looking trendy. Even the showrooms of Levi Strauss are trendy and the ambience attracts the youngsters. Intensive study is done to get an insight of the market. A marketing plan will be made out of the factors that would come out during the study. SWOT analysis of the product: Levi Strauss stretches its market globally, where there are many other competitors selling the same line of products. In such a stiff market the survival is hard. In order to remain in the market, new strategies of marketing should be initiated. The study of internal and external forces can determine the weaknesses and strengths of the company (Aldridge, 2005). Levi Strauss has its market in accessories and clothing of the retail area. With the tagline of quality never goes out of style the company claims to sell the oldest jeans with the best styles and designs. Middle and upper segment are its target customers. To increase the market it has to target the lower segment too. Strengths: 1. The company owns 60 of it pants in the United States of America and 25 plant throughout the world. The demand for the products is too high in the international market (Etzel, Walker and Stanton, 2007).2. Huge Market share: Ruling in the industry since 1853 the company has a very commendable knowledge of the market. This long existence must have reasons, which shows its efficiency. The company is aware of all the marketing strategies that the competitor can play against it.3. The channels of distribution: The company has a huge distribution channel that makes the product available whole round the globe. Having such huge manufacturing plants the company has to have a very efficient sales and trade promotions to exist in the market.4. It has 470 self owned stores in the world with 16000 plus employees. Retaining these employees is not an easy task. It is also matter of high reputation. The growth of the company is depended on this employees, this shows the highly efficient human reso urces management of the company. The turnover ratio of the employee is also low (Breward, 2003). 5. Retro popular songs: The most attractive thing about its advertisement is the Retro songs that it features in the videos. The stylish and trendy looks of the advertisements make the products very desirable. Weakness: 1. The pressures that it faces from the market makes it lag behind sometimes in its strategies. In general, the company believes in attacking its competitors but if the competitors attack, it has to be ready with the defence plan.2. When there exists competitor`s with almost same line of products, the scope to grow well stagnates. The cave to success becomes narrow. The company should not dwell in a stagnate market. There are very few factors, which would help make the difference. One of those factors is Quality and this factor is very important too. Integrated marketing communication is "The coordination of various approaches to achieve the objectives of amarketing campaign with an effective use of various promotional activities that are intended with the aim to coordinate which each other.The integrated marketing communication identifies various strategic roles of different communication paths that reach a combined effort to marketing. It is an activity of applying consistent brand messaging with both traditional and non-traditional marketing channels. Oppurtunity: 1. international market with less manufacturing cost: Due to some countries having cheap labours, the production cost may tend to low, low cost of land etc Levi`s Strauss gets this low production benefit since when it have 25 manufacturing plants across the globe (Groom, 2012). Lower rates of Products at home market are same sold out always by this manufacturing plant. As an opportunity the number of this kind of plants need to be increased to give a tough competition in the market and to beat others (Lake, 2015).2. Growth of market of casual wear: As trend has changed the way of wearing the casuals to large number of people, which become the boon for this type of company. This is the very moment where Levi Strauss can expand its market and the jeans industry can do the business well, due to having a big opportunity. This is when, the company is having a chance to maximise its production and marketing. Here the idea is to warm up with new styles and designs along with different price ranges to let the other classes of the society become Levi Strauss`s delighted customers. To attract more customers, the company needs to look after whether it has much number of varieties and for this there should not have any compromise when quality is concerned(Jones, 2002).3. Acceptance across the world market: The Company is having products and accessories which primarily produced to be worn by western people since few years but now a day the world has changed, people across the globe has accepted the western wears, they wear those garments, with great joy and style. Levi Strauss now just needs to look for more markets to sell out its products (Kerin, Hartley Rudelius, 2011). Threats: 1. Trends with Rapid changes: Todays world is very dynamic with the changing trend is which gives less time for everything. Less time to come up with newly planned designs, less ti, less time for the product manufacturing, for marketing also. This scarcity of time leads production to the loss, wastage of capital used for marketing.2. Lack of property rights: It is a fact that, some countries are manufactures who are manufacturing jeans in the name of Levi Strauss and selling them with a very less price at market. The customer is not having knowledge enough to detect the quality to buy and they got it at a low price (Kerin, Hartley Rudelius, 2013). As this is a common fact and it has ruined the customer count to the company. The company is unable to stop this because, as it happens in some other country (Kerin, Hartley Rudelius, 2011).3. Product substitution and Increase of competition: As previously mentioned, the company is facing many challenges in the market across the globe bec ause of its competitors and their good image in the market (Kotler Keller, 2009). The market is bounded as the competitors hold same accessories and products same as Levi Strauss. The company needs to look into various span of actions before launching its products work wide (Kotler Armstrong, 2012). Sometimes there are big chances to face big failures. Competitors: There are four main competitors of Levi Strauss to compete with: Wrangler Lee Tom Hilfiger Spykar Objectives to attain better sales: 1. The company can increase its promotional activities with lots of advertisements in fashion magazines. 2. The company should achieve sales more than targeted by more offers to the customers.3. Conversion rate of the customers can be done by converting the competitors customers.4. The distribution channel of the company should be increased by attractive sales and trade promotions.5. The company can set up more manufacturing plant in those countries where the cost of manufacturing is less (Mc Daniel, 2009). 6. The enhancement of frequency of advertisements can be done in television.7. The company targets mainly the middle and upper segment of the society. They should also come up with products which would also suits the lower segments to. Low prices can be offered for that segment. This would help the company to acquire another section of the society. Objectives to attain better market share: New showrooms can be opened where there the company has not reached yet. Offering New designs in the market. Distribution channel should be increased. Objectives on maximization of profit: 1. The principles of demand should be met by the entire product to which they have to maintain the similar status of good will in the market.2. The company must have location expansion physically3. Whenever there will be requirement the organization will be able to do restructuring internally.4. To improve the Chanel by maintaining good relation with the Vendors.5. To pave way to innovations by following the tendency (Muller, Alt Michelis, 2011)/6. To check on the updates about the competitors.7. To implement and drive promotional plannings in order to retain and attract new customers (Pride Ferrell, 2010)8. To advertise the product in a global forum by technological advancement.9. The accessible customers should have the knowledge about the sale.10. For purposes to be served later an up to date customer database must be developed.11. It is very much necessary to execute a management on customer relationship in this Organization (Tracy,2014)12. In the recent market introduction of new products must be done.13. Maximizing profit and minimizing cost must be supported by not wasting resources and application of sufficient resources.14. When a product is popular; it becomes clear that the product has reached the people hence brand awareness must be emphasized by Levi Strauss (Wilson, 2011) Marketing Strategies Applying new strategies a company, the marketing strategy aims to increase its profit and sales. There are certain implemented long-term plans that help in attaining huge goal. The adopted strategies of a company, follows instructions, which are positive, well-defined and profound. This strategy helps to determine the goal-achieving capability of a company. There are two types of marketing strategy, they are interactive and Dynamic. They can be partly unplanned and partly planned. Long-term tools such as Customer lifetime value models can be very impactful helping to rouse the consequences of strategy on attainment. In order to gain the market share Levi Strauss can follow various strategies. Keeping in mind the 4ps of marketing mix the strategies must be made. They are Price, Product, promotion and place. Product : it is very much necessary to put the right product at its respective place and in a proper time. A company like Levi Strauss must possess the quality to make its product on hand in all units. One of the most popular outfit produced by Levi Strauss is Jeans, if the variety of jeans is available with various choices then the market be likely to explode. Place: it is considered to be an important feature which helps in determining the appropriate distribution channel. It ensures whether the customers are receiving the product in the required place or not. If in the suitable geographic location, the outlets are not available then it becomes hard to make sure that the distributional channel is no correct . It clarifies the appropriate distributional channel. The accessibility of Levi Strauss outlet is proper. In every Shopping mall, small franchising outlets are also present. Yet there are markets where exploration is needed where the company can flourish its units for selling their products. Even after venturing the international market Levi Strauss focuses on markets that are yet to be explored (Brennan, Canning McDowell, 2007). Price: in case of every products price remains an important factor. It explains the worth that a customer makes of a item. The sustainability of a company somehow depends on price in the market. If the quality of the product and the price of the product does not matches then there are possibilities of the product be exceeded by its competitor and the existence of the product in the market to demolish. The cost of production, the added advantage of the product and the competitors price, are the prime factors that help in deciding the cost of a product. In places where Levis Strauss is yet to be reached, the company must initiate plans to reach. Promotion: Marketing the manufactured goods in front of the consumer is called Promotion. Along with helping at selling the product, it also helps in solving the question on moving into the right direction for the company. It also helps to see whether the target customers is receiving what exactly the communicating message conveys. Levi Strauss is popular for its promotions and advertisements. Hence a little more stress must be given to those areas where the customers are not aware about Levi Strauss. Conclusion: The report depicts the incorporated marketing communication and its influence on Competitiveness in Levi Strauss. The study is accurately and thoroughly done on the strategies that should be applied by the company. A SWOT analysis is done keeping the marketing mix that helped in analyzing the weakness, opportunities, strength and threats of the company. The scope of the expansion of the company is high n internal and external context. Though the market structure seems to be very steep yet there is no way that the scope of rising for Levi Strauss will fade away. References: Aldridge, A. (2005).The market. Cambridge: Polity. Baines, P., Fill, C. and Page, K. (2008).Marketing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Breward, C. (2003).Fashion. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Elliott, G., Rundle-Thiele, S. and Waller, D. (2012).Marketing. Milton, Qld.: John Wiley and Sons Australia. Etzel, M., Walker, B. and Stanton, W. (2007).Marketing. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Groom, G. (2012).Impressionism, fashion, modernity. Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago. insider, b. (2015). . Jones, R. (2002).The apparel industry. Oxford: Blackwell Science. Kerin, R., Hartley, S. and Rudelius, W. (2013).Marketing. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2012).Principles of marketing. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kotler, P. and Keller, K. (2009).Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Lake, L. (2015).Beginner's Guide to Integrated Marketing Communication. [online] About.com Money. Available at: https://marketing.about.com/od/marketingglossary/g/imcdef.htm [Accessed 11 Feb. 2015]. Lamb, C., Hair, J. and McDaniel, C. (2009).Marketing. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning. Muller, J., Alt, F. and Michelis, D. (2011).Pervasive advertising. London: Springer. Potter, N. (2012).The library marketing toolkit. London: Facet Publishing. Pride, W. and Ferrell, O. (2010).Marketing. Australia: South Western Cengage Learning. Tracy, B. (2014).Marketing. New York: AMACOM. Wilson, R. (2011).Fashion industry. New York, NY: Rosen Central. Brennan, R., Canning, L., McDowell, R. (2007).Business-to-business marketing. Los Angeles: SAGE. georgialittle147http://www.blogger.com/profile/13330465566692674361noreply@blogger.com0